Conventionally, high-pressure water-based fluids have been injected for hydraulic stimulation of unconventional petroleum resources such as tight gas reservoirs. Apart from improving productivity, frac-fluids caused environmental and technical issues. As a result, much the interest has shifted towards alternative frac-fluids. In this regard, n-heptane, an frac-fluid, is proposed. It necessitate...

To overcome the problem of fluid mixing in capillary tubes, the induction of radial diffusion of laminar flow profiles (RDLFP) was proposed recently, together with a mathematical. Since, under realistic conditions, continuous flow capillary reactors are influenced by noise in the feed streams, the stability of such a reactor for a system of three liquids was analyzed through its largest Lyapuno...

New-generation electromagnetic (EM) and sonic logging tools are capable of measuring multi-frequency multi-component data at multiple depths of investigation. This allows us to image the formation around the borehole by using an inversion method. A method is developed for directly obtaining porosity and fluid saturation distributions by simultaneously inverting borehole EM and sonic measurement...

an efficient synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles by one-step condensation of  an aldehyde, benzil, ammonium acetate and primary amine in the presence of nanocrystalline magnesium aluminate under microwave irradiation is described. the advantages of this catalyst are including simple work-up, low cost and reusability. compared with conventional methods, the ...

Background: Despite global interest, the development of single step processes for the preparation of effective drug delivery systems still faces numerous challenges. There is great demand for processing methods that are efficient, flexible, scalable and economical for the generation of wide range of encapsulated structures. Over the past few decades, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) processing has rec...

This work encompasses together a number of diverse disciplines (physiology, biomechanics, fluid mechanics and simulation) in order to develop a predictive model of the behaviour of a prosthetic heart valve in vivo. The application of simulation, for the study of other cardiovascular problems, such as blood clotting is also discussed. A commercial, finite volume, computational fluid dynamics (CF...

a general synthetic route to the synthesis of imidazoles has been developed using nano sbcl5/sio2 under solvent-free conditions. the multi-component reactions of aldehydes, benzil and ammonium acetate were carried out to afford some trisubstituted imidazole derivatives. this method provides several advantages like simple work-up, environmentally benign, and shorter reaction times along with hig...

Based on driving force for crystallization of one-component gas hydrate, in this report an expression for the supersaturation for crystallization of multicomponent gas hydrate is derived. Expressions for the supersaturation are obtained in isothermal and isobaric regimes. The results obtained are applied to the crystallization of hydrates of mixtures of methane plus ethane and can apply to ...