In this paper we analyze the major trends and changes in the High Performance Computing (HPC) market place since the beginning of the journal `Parallel Computing'. The initial success of vector computers in the seventies was driven by raw performance. The introduction of this type of computer systems started the area of `Supercomputing'. In the eighties the availability of standard development ...

Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated biological process that relies upon complicated interactions between blood cells and their microenvironment to preserve the homeostatic balance of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), short-term HSCs (ST-HSCs), multipotent progenitors (MPPs), and differentiated cells. Adhesion molecules like P-selectin (encoded by the Selp gene) are essential to hem...

The supply air from the airliner ventilation system is a mixture of outside air and recirculated air that passes through a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. The effectiveness of two commercial-available airliner cabin air filters were investigated under the laboratory-based measurement due to the practical restriction of airliner cabin filter test during usage. The filtration effic...

Patients and methods Following groups were examined: Patients with the new diagnosis of CPS (n = 16), patients with active JIA (n = 17) and 25 age and sex matched healthy children (median age 15, range 11–18 years). In each individual a trained physiotherapist assessed: hypermobile joints (Beighton score), painful points (MPPS), stability (balance test), walking (plain, stairs), limitation of j...

Prognostications of the National Information Infrastructure’s future structure typically include high-performance servers of information, computation, and other specialized services embedded in a high-speed network fabric with hundreds of millions of other hosts. Two system architectures are likely candidates for these servers: massively parallel processors and networks of workstations. Both ar...

In this chapter we present numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations with the stabilized finite element methods on the massively parallel CM-5 supercomputer. These computations are based on implicit methods and their implementations are based on the assumption that the mesh is unstructured. The use of matrix-free iterations eliminates the need to store element-level matrices, thus pr...

The Parallelizing Preprocessor is being developed at the Forecast Systems Laboratory (FSL) to simplify the process of parallelizing operational weather prediction models for Massively Parallel Processors (MPPs). PPP, a component of FSL's Scalable Modeling System, is a Fortran 77 text analysis and translation tool. PPP directives, implemented as Fortran comments, are inserted into the source cod...

The epigenetic changes during B-cell development relevant to both normal function and hematologic malignancy are incompletely understood. We examined DNA methylation and RNA expression status during early B-cell development by sorting multiple replicates of four separate stages of pre-B cells derived from normal human fetal bone marrow and applied high-dimension DNA methylation scanning and exp...

Adhesion properties of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the bone marrow (BM) niches control their migration and affect their cell-cycle dynamics. The serum response factor (Srf) regulates growth factor–inducible genes and genes controlling cytoskeleton structures involved in cell spreading, adhesion, and migration. We identified a role for Srf in HSC adhesion and steady-state hematopoiesis. C...

Three-dimensional packaging technologies are critical for enabling ultra-compact, massively parallel processors (MPPs) for embedded applications. Through-wafer optical interconnect has been proposed as a useful technology for building ultra-compact MPPs since it provides a simplified mechanism for interconnecting stacked multichip substrates. This paper presents the offset cube, a new network t...