Background: Network motif algorithms have been a topic of research mainly after the 2002-seminal paper from Milo et al, that provided motifs as a way to uncover the basic building blocks of most networks. In Bioinformatics, motifs have been mainly applied in the field of gene regulation networks field. Results: This paper proposes new algorithms to exactly count isomorphic pattern motifs of siz...

The unconventional mRNA capping enzyme (GDP polyribonucleotidyltransferase, PRNTase; block V) domain in RNA polymerase L proteins of non-segmented negative strand (NNS) RNA viruses (e.g. rabies, measles, Ebola) contains five collinear sequence elements, Rx(3)Wx(3-8)ΦxGxζx(P/A) (motif A; Φ, hydrophobic; ζ, hydrophilic), (Y/W)ΦGSxT (motif B), W (motif C), HR (motif D) and ζxxΦx(F/Y)QxxΦ (motif E)...

Surface proteins of Gram-positive bacteria are covalently linked to the cell wall envelope by a mechanism requiring an N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal LPXTG motif sorting signal. We show here that surface proteins of Staphylococcus aureus arrive at two distinct destinations in the bacterial envelope, either distributed as a ring surrounding each cell or as discrete assembly sites. Pr...

Among all sulphhydryl oxidases involved in disulphide formation, quiescin-sulphhydryl oxidase (QSOX) is unique for its multidomain structure, protein thiol oxidation activity and highly efficient catalysis. In this study, site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modelling methods were integrated to investigate the structural and functional characteristics of QSOX, especially the importance of th...

The rubella virus (RV)-encoded protein NSP90, which contains the retinoblastoma protein (Rb)-binding motif LXCXE, interacts with Rb and RV replication is reduced in cells lacking Rb. Whether the LXCXE motif of RV NSP90 itself is essential for Rb binding and virus replication is not known. Therefore, in the present study, the functional role of this motif was investigated by site-directed mutage...

Background: Cis-acting sequences regulate regionspecific DNA demethylation. Results: DNA demethylation of a fragment from the mouse H19/Igf2 imprinted control region requires two Sox-Oct motifs, one of which is methylation sensitive. Conclusion: The Sox-Oct motif functions to induce DNA demethylation in P19 cells. Significance: The Sox-Oct motif might be a key element to induce region-specific ...

Motifs are a fundamental building block and distinguishing feature of networks. While characteristic motif distributions have been found in many networks, very little is known today about the evolution of network motifs. This paper studies the most important motifs in social networks, triangles, and how directed triangle motifs change over time. Our chosen subject is one of the largest Online S...