Background and Objective: Datura stramonium L. is a medicinal herb from the family of Solanaceae. It has been used in herbal remedies for promoting health and treating several diseases. The current study was set up to compare the effects of Datura stramonium L. extract on the naloxone-precipitated opiate-withdrawal in mice. Materials and Methods: Male BALB/c mice (30–35 g, n = 40) were arbitra...

We investigated the effects of (R)-(-)-5-methyl-1-nicotinoyl-2-pyrazoline (MS-153), which is reported to accelerate glutamate uptake, on the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence in mice. For the induction of morphine tolerance and dependence, mice were twice daily treated with morphine (10-45 mg/kg, s.c.) for 5 days. First, co-administration of MS-153 (12.5 mg/kg, s.c.) did...

Tolerance and dependence are two main problems that have limited morphine administration. There are several reports on the effect of some medicinal plants on morphine-induced tolerance and dependence. In this study we investigated the effect of Ferula persica (FP) extract on modulation of withdrawal syndrome sign (WSS). For this purpose, male Albino mice (25-30 g, n=30) were used. Morphine was ...

Tolerance and dependence are two main problems that have limited morphine administration. There are several reports on the effect of some medicinal plants on morphine-induced tolerance and dependence. In this study we investigated the effect of Ferula persica (FP) extract on modulation of withdrawal syndrome sign (WSS). For this purpose, male Albino mice (25-30 g, n=30) were used. Morphine was ...

Effect of Otostegia persica on naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal syndrome was studied in male mice. Dependence was induced using daily subcutaneous injections of morphine for three days. Morphine was injected to mice at doses of 30 and 45mg/kg on day 1 and 60 and 90mg/kg on day 2 (8:00 am and 6:00 pm). On day 3, morphine (90mg/kg) was injected 1h before oral administration and 1.5h before in...

We have previously shown an enhanced activity of the pituitary-adrenal response in rats dependent on morphine, which occurs concomitantly with an increase in the activity of catecholaminergic terminals in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The present study examined the possible role of noradrenergic system in the regulation of opioid withdrawal-induced activation of the hypothalam...

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) can be activated by opioids such as morphine via opioid receptor, and their activations have been observed in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory and addiction. Long-term exposure to morphine may induce physical dependence, manifested as somatic withdrawal symptoms such as diarrhea, body weight loss, jumping and headshaking, when drug is deprived. Thou...

Chronic morphine drives adaptations in synaptic transmission thought to underlie opiate dependence. Here we examine the role of micro-opioid receptor (MOR) trafficking in one of these adaptations, specifically, changes in GABA transmission in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). To address this question, we used a knock-in mouse, RMOR (for recycling MOR), in which genetic change in the MOR promote...

This research was done to test the effect of Rosa damascena essential oil on withdrawal signsof naloxone-precipitated morphine in male mice. Morphine dependence was induced by injection(IP) three times daily at doses of 50, 50 and 75 mg/kg, respectively, for 3 days. On day 4,after the last administration of morphine, Rosa damascena essential oil was administered atdifferent concentrations (5, 2...