In India, Holstein and its crosses are being used extensively in breeding programmes and all these breeding bulls are screened for autosomal recessive genes. Blood samples are collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) coated tubes and DNA was isolated by using phenol-chloroform method. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) wereperformed by using...

Banana micropropagation for obtaining free-virus plants frequently provokes somaclonal variation that could increase useful genetic variability in this asexually propagated crop. Both exploring the cycle of vitro culture which occurs and amount generated polymorphism, are necessary. In work, preliminary results during early cycles banana reported. Four randomly selected regenerated from fifth t...

d-mannitol is a common six-carbon sugar alcohol, which widely used in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and other industries. Polymorphism defined as the ability of materials to crystallize into different crystal structures. It has been reported for long time that three polymorphs: β, δ, α. These polymorphs have unique physicochemical properties, thus affecting industrial applications d-mannitol....

InDel (insertion deletion length polymorphism) markers is designed for PCR detection based on the Insertion or of DNA fragments different sizes according to sequence a locus between individuals related species, which more and applied in crop genetic research due its rich polymorphism, operational simplicity reliability results. In this study, Qinyou 88 parents were analyzed through marker, four...

Here, we report a comprehensive description of the stable associations between two Paramecium species (P. nephridiatum and P. caudatum) their cytoplasmic bacterial endosymbiont Pseudolyticum multiflagellatum. These spindle-like, rod-shaped, non-motile peritrichous bacteria demonstrate significant phenotypic polymorphism. Considering differences in morphology host species, several scientific gro...

The downstream consequences of a single quantitative trait polymorphism can provide important insight into the molecular basis of a trait. However, the molecular consequences of a polymorphism may be complex and only a subset of these may influence the trait of interest. In natural isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a nonsynonymous polymorphism in cystathione beta-synthase (CYS4) causes a de...

Garlic belongs to the Allium genus, which includes more than 750 species divided into 60 taxonomic groups. It is cultivated in many countries throughout world for bulb and used as a spice functional food. The plant vegetatively propagates. This review will focus on origins, biology, analysis of genetic diversity, pharmacological properties garlic. appears from this synthesis that sativum derive...

Abstract This work reports an all-atom molecular dynamics study of the first stages aggregation poly( $$\gamma$$ γ -benzyl-L-glutamate)—PBLG—polymers end-capped with C 60 . PBLG self-assembles in water and shows polymorphism when specific changes structure are made. Three variants compared, which differ for l...

Having knowledge about genetic relationships among accessions is necessary for developing breeding strategies to produce improved cultivars. In present study, genetic diversity and inter-relationship among 29 genotypes of citrus were comparatively analyzed using morphological and RAPD markers. Significant variability was observed among citrus genotypes for 61 quantitative and qualitative morpho...

Cotton is one of the most economically important crops in Iran; hybridization is a means to increase the genetic diversity and obtain new elite cultivars in this crop. We examined agronomic characteristics and molecular genetic diversity in the Opal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivar and in F(2) progenies. Ten homo-primers and seven hetero-primers of 26 RAPD primers produced 261 reproduc...