Methods for fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate) microchips using a novel two-stage embossing technique and solvent welding to form microchannels in microfluidic devices are presented. The hot embossing method involves a two-stage process to create the final microchip design. In its simplest form, a mold made of aluminum is fabricated using CNC machining to create the desired microchannel desi...

In this study, we identified simple sequence repeat, ampli-fied fragment length polymorphism, and sequence-related amplified poly-morphism markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to white mold disease in common bean progenies derived from a cross between lines CNFC 9506 and RP-2, evaluated using the oxalic acid test and using Bayesian analysis. DNA was extracted from 186...

The integration of an approximate model and a clonal selection algorithm (CSA) is considered as one of the most effective ways to solve complex optimization design problems in engineering. In this study, first, a process for developing an approximate model and the principles of clonal selection algorithms is presented. Second, a variotherm temperature injection mold was used to produce a large ...

This paper presents the adaptation of a conventional injection molding process to the mass replication of polymeric microstructures with appropriate mold design and process control. Using wet-etched silicon wafers with microstructures on the surfaces as mold inserts, we have successfully predicted, improved and optimized the replication results. The flow behaviors of polymer melts in micro mold...

The magnitude and uniformity of the hotface temperature greatly affects the life of continuous casting molds, in addition to affecting surface defects in the product, such as longitudinal cracks. In this work, several different designs for the cooling channels of a beam-blank mold are evaluated using two-dimensional finite-element heat conduction models in order to minimize hotface temperature ...

Designing cooling channels for the thermoplastic injection process is a very important step in mold design. A conformal cooling channel can significantly improve the efficiency and the quality of production in plastic injection molding. This paper introduces an approach to generate spiral channels for conformal cooling. The cooling channels designed by our algorithms has very simple connectivit...

One of the major challenges associated with the in-mold assembly processes at the mesoscale is the interaction between the polymer melt and the premolded components that are present in the mold. When a high speed, high temperature second stage melt comes in contact with a premolded mesoscale component having similar melting temperatures, the premolded component undergoes thermal softening and p...

Grey mold on grape is caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. Trichodex WP, a new biofungicide, that contains fungal spores of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, was used for biological control of Grey mold on grape. The efficacy of Trichodex WP has been reported from many experiments. Experiments were carried out in the locality – Banatski Karlovac, on grapevine species – talijanski rizling. The...

In continuous casting of steel, the interfacial gap between the mold and the solidifying shell controls heat transfer in the process and is responsible for lubrication and the prevention of cracks and other defects. Mold slag forms when mold powder added to the top surface of the steel melts, and is the best current practice to perform these important functions. The properties and behavior of t...