this is a comparative study of the two victorious revolutions of the constitutional iran and the independence of the usa that lead to the all compassing internal motives of the two oppressed nations to fight against the despotism and oppression and to collapse the ruling political, economic and social order. it is true that the symbols and causes for revolutions are plenty, but this would not p...

VIII. The Response to Crisis Let us then assume that crises are a necessary precondition for the emergence of novel theories and ask next how scientists respond to their existence. Part of the answer, as obvious as it is important, can be discovered by noting first what scientists never do when confronted by even severe and prolonged anomalies. Though they may begin to lose faith and then to co...