The combination of a modal verb and a modal adverb that is similar in modal force (possibility/necessity) and flavor (epistemic/deontic, etc.) allows a concord interpretation in which the two modals somehow ‘fuse’ and communicate just a single modality. This paper presents a case study of modal concord, as it is exemplified in Dutch. It seems that speakers of this language tend to add modal adv...

J. L. Nicol and D. Swinney (1989) reported facilitation in a cross-modal lexical-decision task as evidence that implicit objects of verbs (WH-traces) are reinstated during comprehension. G. McKoon and R. Ratcliff (1994) found the same priming effects in the absence of implicit objects, suggesting that the effects are attributable to some factor other than a syntactic process that would fill in ...

This paper presents an analysis of sentences with the postverbal modal element DAK in Cantonese and Hakka. We argue that DAK is a verb, though in Cantonese and Hakka it is partly defective. It acquires different meanings depending on the position it occupies, which is either the position for modal verbs in the matrix clause or a modal position in the result denoting small clause. The analysis, ...

Does the organization of the mental lexicon reflect the combination of abstract underlying morphemic units or the concatenation of word-level phonological units? We address these fundamental issues in Arabic, a Semitic language where every surface form is potentially analyzable into abstract morphemic units - the word pattern and the root - and where this view contrasts with stem-based approach...

The current work investigated whether differences in phonological overlap between the past- and present-tense forms of regular and irregular verbs can account for the graded neurophysiological effects of verb regularity observed in past-tense priming designs. Event-related potentials were recorded from sixteen healthy participants who performed a lexical-decision task in which past-tense primes...

A large number of multimedia documents containing texts and images have appeared on the internet, hence cross-modal retrieval in which the modality of a query is different from that of the retrieved results is being an interesting search paradigm. In this paper, a multimodal multiclass boosting framework (MMB) is proposed to capture intra-modal semantic information and inter-modal semantic corr...

This paper is concerned with some aspects of the semantics of modal verbs in English, in particular the phenomenon of modal subordination and the constraints on interpretation of successive modal sentences in a discourse. I propose a solution in the framework of dynamic semantics. The information state is taken to be a set of possibilities which are classiied according to the modal options extr...