Autonomous navigation of mobile robots in an uncertain and complex environment is a broad and complicated issue due to a variety of obstacles that mobile robots have to detect and represent in their maps to navigate safely. The objective of the navigation-mobile robot is to obtain an optimum path, meaning that the robot should plan a reliable path between the source point and the target point w...

Mobile robot navigation has remained an open problem over the last two decades. Mobile robots are required to navigate in unknown and dynamic environments, and in recent years the use of mobile robots in material handling has considerably increased. Usually workers push carts around warehouses and manually handle orders which is not very cost‐effective. To this e...