BACKGROUND Detecting and quantifying the severity of mitral regurgitation is essential for risk stratification and clinical decision-making regarding timing of surgery. Our objective was to assess specific visual parameters by cine-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the determination of the severity of mitral regurgitation and to compare it to previously validated imaging modalities: echocardi...

Interpretation of the meaning of a mean diastolic atrioventricular gradient or a mean systolic ventricular-great vessel gradient requires simultaneous determination of the level of the gradient, the heart rate, and the cardiac output. The feasibility of steady-state Fick principle cardiac output determination during combined right and left heart catheterization is investigated. LEFT heart cathe...

6. Crosby JK, Carrell R, Reed WA: Operative management of valvular complications of bacterial endocarditis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 64: 235, 1972 7. Arnett EN, Roberts WC: Valve ring abscess in active infective endocarditis. Frequency, location and clues to clinical diagnosis from the study of 95 necropsy patients. Circulation 54: 140, 1976 8. Burnside JW, DeSanctis RW: Bacterial endocarditis ...

Coarctation of the aorta is frequently associated with left ventricular inflow tract abnormalities that may be difficult to detect even at cardiac catheterization. This study involved patients with coarctation who underwent comprehensive two-dimensional echocardiographic investigations emphasizing visualization of the mitral valve and its apparatus. Of the 56 patients studied, 23 had completely...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate echocardiography accuracy in performing and obtaining images for dynamical three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. METHODS Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction was obtained in 20 consecutive patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography. A multiplanar 5 MHz transducer was used for 3D reconstruction. RESULTS Twenty patients were studied consecutively. Th...

A 45-year-old female suffered from increasing dyspnea during exercise and edema of lower extremities from January 2000. She had undergone mitral valve replacement with Starr-Edwards ball prosthesis (model 6320) due to mitral valve regurgitation 25 years ago. The cardiac catheterization and echocardiography documented mitral, aortic and tricuspid valves regurgitation grade III. Left ventricular ...

Transoesophageal echocardiography allows the precise assessment of mitral valve pathology. Perioperative assessment of the mitral valve provides valuable support for the cardiac surgical team in planning a repair or replacement of this unique three-dimensional structure. This article will review the echocardiographic methods and views that allow a systematic assessment of the mitral valve appar...

A 76-year-old man was scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery and mitral annuloplasty using cardiopulmonary bypass. His medical history included a right subarachnoid hemorrhage, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction 23 yr earlier, and percutaneous coronary intervention. Because of progressive dyspnea, he underwent cardiac catheterization that revealed severe three-vessel coronary ar...

background: embolus is one of the causes of ischemic stroke that can be due to cardiac sources such as valvular heart diseases and atrial fibrillation and atheroma of the aorta. transesophageal echocardiography (tee) is superior in identifying potential cardiac sources of emboli. due to insufficient data on tee findings in ischemic stroke in iran, the present study was done to evaluate tee in d...

nique (Table I). The differences of 2 mm Hg and 1 mm Hg in peak and mean gradients, respectively, were not considered to be of clinical significance. Subsequent cardiac catheterization performed 48 hours later confirmed a mean mitral prosthetic diastolic gradient of 13 mm Hg. The calculated mitral valve area was 0.7 cm2. The excised mitral valve prosthesis revealed extensively thickened and cal...