It has been more than 60 years since the discovery of the oxygen effect that empirically demonstrates the direct association between cell radiosensitivity and oxygen tension, important parameters in radiotherapy. Yet the mechanisms underlying this principal tenet of radiobiology are poorly understood. Better understanding of the oxygen effect may explain difficulty in eliminating hypoxic tumor ...

Iron is an essential nutrient for life and is involved in many important processes such as oxygen transport and DNA synthesis. However, excess amounts of iron can cause carcinogenesis by producing reactive oxygen species. Thus, the cellular transport of iron must be tightly regulated. In the human body, iron may be present as heme or non-heme iron. The mechanisms governing the cellular transpor...

Background: Mitochondria are a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and several natural compounds used as antioxidant agents. This study aimed to investigate compare the effects fresh grape juice red wine on oxidative stress biomarkers in rat liver mitochondria. Materials Methods: In this regard, mitochondria were isolated from 27 male Wistar rats (220-250 g). The cultured different doses f...

Neuroglobin is the third member of globin family to be identified in 2000 neurons both human and mouse nervous systems. an oxygen-binding found within central system as well peripheral neurons, that produces a protective effect against hypoxic/ischemic damage induced by promoting oxygen availability mitochondria. Numerous investigations have demonstrated impaired neuroglobin functioning implica...

edaravone, an antioxidant and radical scavenger, showed protective effects against oxidative stress-like condition. paraquat (pq) is a toxic herbicide considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to pq toxicity. in this study, protective effect of edaravone against pq induced toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ros) generation in a549 cells and...

Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed with a high mortality rate. Cisplatin one of important chemotherapeutic agents for treatment lung patients, especially in advanced stages. Recent studies show that cisplatin may interact mitochondria to induce apoptosis, which partly account its cytotoxicity. In study, we explored effect resistin on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity A549 cells and assesse...

Distribution and activity of mitochondria are key factors in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity and axogenesis. The majority of energy sources, necessary for cellular functions, originate from oxidative phosphorylation located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The adenosine-5'- triphosphate production is regulated by many control mechanism-firstly by oxygen, substrate level, adenosine...

Edaravone, an antioxidant and radical scavenger, showed protective effects against oxidative stress-like condition. Paraquat (PQ) is a toxic herbicide considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to PQ toxicity. In this study, protective effect of edaravone against PQ induced toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in A549 cells and...

BACKGROUND Our recent study has demonstrated that inhibition of calpain by transgenic overexpression of calpastatin reduces myocardial proinflammatory response and dysfunction in endotoxemia. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. In this study, we used cardiomyocyte-specific capn4 knockout mice to investigate whether and how calpain disrupts ATP synthase and induces mitoch...