In this paper, we describe an ongoing collaborative research project between the Universities of California at Berkeley and San Francisco with Endorobotics Corporation to develop milli-robotic tools for remote, minimally invasive surgery. We describe the limitations of current surgical practice and then describe the technological and scientific issues involved in building a telesurgical worksta...

Article history Submitted: Jan. 12, 2015 Accepted: April 18, 2015 Published on-line: June 18, 2015 Introduction Over the last two decades, minimally invasive treatment options for ureteropelvic junction obstruction have been developed and are bcoming more popular. Multiple series of laparoscopic pyeloplasty have demonstrated high success rates and low perioperative morbidity in pediatric and ad...