OBJECTIVES The alkylphospholipid oleylphosphocholine (OlPC) is a structural analogue of miltefosine and may represent a potential therapeutic backup for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This laboratory study compared the in vitro and in vivo activity profile of both OlPC and miltefosine. METHODS The in vitro potency of OlPC was compared with that of miltefosine, amphotericin B, p...

BACKGROUND Patients with Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) are considered a reservoir of Leishmania donovani. It is imperative to identify and treat them early for control of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a current priority in the Indian subcontinent. We explored trends in clinico-epidemiological features of PKDL cases over last two decades, for improving management of the disease. ME...

BACKGROUND Long regimens for the treatment of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) result in noncompliance. A safe, effective, and acceptable regimen for the treatment of PKDL is still to be developed. Miltefosine has been found to be effective in the treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Hence, its efficacy was tested in patients of PKDL. METHODS In this exploratory study, 33 patie...

The Ros3 protein is a component of the MT-Ros3 transporter complex, considered as main route miltefosine entry in Leishmania. L. braziliensis clinical isolates presenting differences susceptibility and uptake were previously shown to differentially express ros3. In this work, we showed that ros3 gene copy number was increased isolate highest rates and, thus, drug. role dosage then investigated ...

Parasite loads were quantified in repeated skin biopsies from lesions of 2 patients with Old-World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major and L. infantum during and after treatment with miltefosine. Miltefosine induced a rapid therapeutic effect on both infections with an initial decline of parasites of ∼1 log/week for the L. major infection. These observations illustrate the u...

Indian Leishmania donovani isolates (n = 19) from regional zones representing various levels of antimony resistance displayed significantly (P < 0.01) correlated results with respect to in vitro susceptibility to the antileishmanial drugs sodium antimony gluconate, amphotericin B, and Miltefosine, raising the possibility of cross-resistance mechanisms operating in the field isolates. The result...

background: pentavalent antimonials are still the first choice treatment for leishmaniasis, but with low efficacy and resistance is emerging. in the present study, the effect of meglumine antimoniate (ma, glucantime) combined with paromomy-cin, miltefosine or allopurinol on in vitro susceptibility of leishmania tropica resistant isolate was evaluated. method : the drugs were obtained from comme...

Leishmaniasis, a vector-borne disease, is caused by intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani. Unlike most pathogens, donovani are lodged in parasitophorous vacuoles and replicate within the phagolysosomes macrophages. Effective vaccines against this disease still under development, while efficacy of available drugs being questioned owing to toxicity for nonspecific distribution human physiolo...

Hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine), a membrane-active alkylphospholipid, may be the first effective oral agent for visceral leishmaniasis, an intracellular protozoal infection of tissue macrophages. In vitro, miltefosine stimulates T cells and macrophages to respond to and secrete activating cytokines, including interferon (IFN)-gamma, and enhances macrophage production of microbicidal react...

Miltefosine, an effective oral treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), was selected in May 2005, by the governments of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh for the elimination of VL. However, abnormally high treatment failure rates reported in patients in Bangladesh, given a miltefosine generic product ("Miltefos", Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) during 2008, led the World Health Organization (WHO) to ...