Coastal prehistoric hunter-gatherers in Atlantic Iberia were particularly important to understanding Paleolithic human innovation and resilience. This study will focus on Middle Upper adaptations the Iberian border. Elements such as intensity diversity of marine foods, site location, distance shore, submerged platform, bathymetry are discussed for region between Gibraltar Gulf Biscay.

Abstract The characterization of the first portable artistic depictions in Cantabrian Spain is crucial for comprehension symbolic development Neandertals and Homo sapiens context passage from Middle to Upper Paleolithic. However, despite importance these graphic representations, their study has tended lack application suitable methodologies be able discriminate between activity other kind alter...

BACKGROUND Anatomically Modern Humans (AMHs) are known to have spread across Europe during the period coinciding with the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. Whereas their dispersal into Western Europe is relatively well established, evidence of an early settlement of Eastern Europe by modern humans are comparatively scarce. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING Based on a multidisciplinary appro...

The evolution of the concept of time, from the first hunters-gatherers communities of the Paleolithic to the Newtonian physics is shortly reviewed. In particular, attention id paid to the social needs that contributed to change this concept from the Prehistory to the Bronze Age and then to the Iron Age, the classical philosophy, the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, up to the birth of modern sci...

Franchthi Cave in southern Greece preserves one of the most remarkable records of socioeconomic change of the Late Pleistocene through early Holocene. Located on the southern end of the Argolid Peninsula, the area around the site was greatly affected by climate variation and marine transgression. This study examines the complex interplay of site formation processes (material deposition rates), ...

The Neandertal lineage developed successfully throughout western Eurasia and effectively survived the harsh and severely changing environments of the alternating glacial/interglacial cycles from the middle of the Pleistocene until Marine Isotope Stage 3. Yet, towards the end of this stage, at the time of deteriorating climatic conditions that eventually led to the Last Glacial Maximum, and soon...

An opportunistic and local choice of raw materials is typically attested in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic industries throughout Italy. The quality of the raw material usually affected the flaking technology and quality of the products. In the Upper Paleolithic and the Mesolithic, raw material procurement strategies were more complex. Flint was exploited both locally, in areas where abundant ...

The Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption, dated by 40Ar/39Ar and various stratigraphic methods to ca. 39,000 cal BP, generated a massive ash plume from its source in southern Italy across Southeastern and Eastern Europe. At the Kostenki-Borshchevo open-air sites on the Middle Don River in Russia, Upper Paleolithic artifact assemblages are buried below, within, and above the CI tephra (which is re...

A consideration of the morphological aspects of the earliest modern humans in Europe (more than approximately 33,000 B.P.) and the subsequent Gravettian human remains indicates that they possess an anatomical pattern congruent with the autapomorphic (derived) morphology of the earliest (Middle Paleolithic) African modern humans. However, they exhibit a variable suite of features that are either...