OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage among a cohort of pilgrims during 2004 Hajj season. METHODS Pilgrims attending the 2004 Hajj season were recruited and screened for carriage of MRSA. Standard microbiological techniques were used to screen for the presence of MRSA. RESULTS Out of 411 individuals screened, 85 (20.6%) were posi...

Migration as a human phenomenon has some consequences and repercussions. One of these effects is crime commitment and inducing disturbance in land and national security in immigrants' residence country, in other word, international migration, especially illegal migration, have different penal-security effects. Finding reason that the permeability of borders and increasing illegal traffic, drug ...

Fosfomycin has shown promising in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) urinary pathogens; however, clinical data are lacking. We conducted a retrospective chart review to describe the microbiological and clinical outcomes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) with MDR pathogens treated with fosfomycin tromethamine. Charts for 41 hospitalized patients with a urine culture for an MDR pat...

Here we tried to develop a standard flow cytometry protocol for measuring the physiological state of the Gram +‟ve bacterium Bacillus cereus, and attempted to understand more of the resulting staining phenomena using cell sorting. Specifically the use of DiOC6(3) and the proprietary RedoxSensor Green TM (an indicator of bacterial reductase activity) both counter stained with propidium iodide. T...

Determining the chemical composition of biological materials is paramount to the study of natural phenomena. Here, we describe the composition of model gram-negative outer membranes, focusing on the predominant assembly, an asymmetrical bilayer of lipid molecules. We also give an overview of lipid biosynthetic pathways and molecular mechanisms that organize this material into the outer membrane...

Spliceosomal intron numbers and boundary sequences vary dramatically in eukaryotes. We found a striking correspondence between low intron number and strong sequence conservation of 5' splice sites (5'ss) across eukaryotic genomes. The phylogenetic pattern suggests that ancestral 5'ss were relatively weakly conserved, but that some lineages independently underwent both major intron loss and 5'ss...

The effect of 10 and 25 kGy ?-irradiation on penicillin G plus procaine and sodium ampicillin has been assessed by different chemical and microbiological analytical methods. According to the chemical results obtained, the antibiotics showed a slight reduction in doses applied but the microbiological assays revealed that the activity of irradiated antibiotics did not reduce. Microbiological stud...

It is the responsibility of the pharmaceutical industry that these microbiological standards are maintained until secondary packaging of the drug product. Knowledge of the microbiological quality of the used excipients and active ingredients, microbiological monitoring of the environment in which the pharmaceuticals are produced, as well as release-testing of the final drug product contribute t...

Purpose: This retrospective study analyzes the adequacy of the empirical antimicrobial treatment for sepsis at the emergency department according to the results of the microbiological isolations and describes the associations between microbiological variables and mortality. Values for several clinical and microbiological variables were prospectively collected for a total of 101 patients. Cases ...

Analytical microbiology may be defined as that branch of microbiology in which microorganisms are used as reagents for the quantitative determination of certain chemical compounds. The procedures used for analysis are based on the reaction of a particular microorganism to its environment. If a suitable microorganism will react with a measurable response to a certain chemical entity, an analytic...