PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate early changes in retinal structure and BMP2 expression in the retina and crystalline lens by comparing streptozotocin-induced diabetic pigs and normal control group pigs. METHODS Five eye samples from five diabetic Micro-pigs (Medikinetics, Pyeongtaek, Korea) and five eye samples from five control pigs bred in a specific pathogen-free area were used. Diabet...

Glasses containing various amounts of aluminum and fluorin were crystallized by the heat treatment. Bending strengths of the crystallized glasses were measured, the crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction method, and the microstructures were examined by electrommicroscopy. The relation between the microstructure and the bending strength was studied. The results obtained are summ...

Cutting processes are unstable machining processes. The influence of the instability on the deformation mechanism that leads to the chip formation at the atomic scale is analysed in this paper. Fundamental aspects of the crystalline networks deformation are underlined by using molecular dynamics technique applied to the microscopic level of the deformed material and are defined as basic instabi...

Abstract If solar energy is ever going to become a mainstream power source, the technologies for harnessing sunlight have to become cheaper than all other forms of energy, be easy and quick to install, and work more safely, reliably and durably than present-day grid power. Our research team is striving to make this happen by utilizing microdesign and microfabrication techniques used in the semi...

Over the history of carbon, it is generally acknowledged that Bernal AB stacking of the sp2 carbon layers is the unique crystalline form of graphite. The universal graphite structure is synthesized at 2,600~3,000 °C and exhibits a micro-polycrystalline feature. In this paper, we provide evidence for a metastable form of graphite with an AA' structure. The non-Bernal AA' allotrope of graphite is...

The micro/nano structural evolution before and after tensile loading, fatigue and ultimately, failure has been studied by Raman microspectroscopy for PA66, PP, PBO and PET single fibres and precursors, using two probes : low wavenumber collective modes at <150 cm as representative of the crystalline and amorphous chains and stretching and bending modes, as representative of the C-C bond local b...

Scaling behaviour has been observed at mesoscopic level irrespective of crystal structure, type of boundary and operative micro-mechanisms like slip and twinning. The presence of scaling at the meso-scale accompanied with that at the nano-scale clearly demonstrates the intrinsic spanning for different deformation processes and a true universal nature of scaling. The origin of a ½ power law in d...

Raman micro/macro-spectroscopy allows for a non-destructive remote analysis: body and glaze, crystalline and amorphous phases can be identified, including the nanosized pigments colouring the glaze. Last generation instruments are portable which allows for examination in museum, on sites, etc. This paper gives an overview on the potential of Raman spectrometry technique to analyze ancient ceram...