MEMS micro-T-switches actuated via electrochemical bubbles for cell sorting applications in a monolithic chip level are proposed and successfully demonstrated. The electrolysis-bubble actuator, which has the features of low operation temperature and high surface-tension force, is developed to actuate the micro-T-switch sorting structure in our device. The double T-structure design, the T-shape ...

We compare the energies of different electron solids, such as bubble crystals with triangular and square symmetry and stripe phases, to those of correlated quantum liquids in partially filled intermediate Landau levels. Multiple transitions between these phases when varying the filling of the top-most partially filled Landau level explain the observed reentrance of the integer quantum Hall effe...

Bubble drag reduction has been shown to be a promising technique for reducing the in ships, thus emission of pollutants and allowing compliance with new requirements imposed recently this respect. Different searches have conducted publications related technique, an increase interest shown, especially last decade. In context, review experimental work bubble published decade is presented present ...