We show that for the Kauffman bracket skein module over the field of rational functions in variable A, the module of a connected sum of 3-manifolds is the tensor product of modules of the individual manifolds.

Considering the scattering of massless open strings attached to a D-string living in the B field background, we show that corresponding scattering upto the order of α ′2 is exactly given by the gauge theory on noncommutative background, which is characterized by the Moyal bracket. 1 Introduction After the novel work of Witten [1], it was realized that the low energy dynamics of open

Considering the scattering of massless open strings attached to a D2-brane living in the B field background, we show that corresponding scattering upto the order of α ′2 is exactly given by the gauge theory on noncommutative background, which is characterized by the Moyal bracket. 1 Introduction After the novel work of Witten [1], it was realized that the low energy dynamics of open

A covariant formalism for Moyal deformations of gauge theory and differential equations which determine Seiberg-Witten maps is presented. Replacing the ordinary product of functions by the noncommutative Moyal product, noncommutative versions of integrable models can be constructed. We explore how a Seiberg-Witten map acts in such a framework. As a specific example, we consider a noncommutative...

BACKGROUND The orthodontist seeks an archwire-bracket combination that has both good biocompatibility and low friction. Hence, the aim of this multicenter in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the frictional resistance generated between titanium (Ti), stainless steel (SS), ceramic and ceramic with metal insert (CMI) brackets with SS wires of varying dimensions in a specially designed appar...

A Moyal deformation of a Clifford Cl(3, 1) Gauge Theory of (Conformal) Gravity is performed for canonical noncommutativity (constant Θ parameters). In the very special case when one imposes certain constraints on the fields, there are no first order contributions in the Θ parameters to the Moyal deformations of Clifford gauge theories of gravity. However, when one does not impose constraints on...

This paper discusses Penrose spin networks in relation to the bracket polynomial.

A Z-graded Lie bracket { , }P on the exterior algebra Ω(M) of differential forms, which is an extension of the Poisson bracket of functions on a Poisson manifold (M,P ), is found. This bracket is simultaneously graded skew-symmetric and satisfies the graded Jacobi identity. It is a kind of an ‘integral’ of the Koszul-Schouten bracket [ , ]P of differential forms in the sense that the exterior d...

We show that based on the mathematics of Markow processes and in particular based on the definition of Kramers-Moyal coefficients it is possible to estimate the deterministic part of the dynamics for a broad class of nonlinear noisy systems. In particular we show that for different kinds of noise perturbations, including non Langevin force with finite correlation time and independent measuremen...

This clinical study investigated the practical value of two methods for debonding brackets attached by the adhesive Concise to acid-etched enamel surfaces. Forty-two Ultratrimm Standard metal brackets and 42 Fascination ceramic brackets were collected from juvenile patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. All metal brackets were mechanically debonded by a conventional bracket removal plier, w...