an increasing incidence of medical complications. Among these are menstrual disorders, including a delay in the onset of menstruation, oligoor amenorrhoea, and inadequacy of progesterone secretion during the luteal phase of the cycle. At first, only sporadic accounts of such disturbances appeared, suggesting that pre-existing functional derangements of cyclicity were likely to be responsible. H...

High androgen levels have been associated with menstrual irregularities in clinical populations, but not in healthy women. We examined the association between testosterone and menstrual irregularities in a nonclinical population of 194 healthy premenopausal women, none of whom reported chronic health conditions. Women provided saliva samples for assay of salivary testosterone, and responded to ...

The mode of action of intra-uterine devices (IUDs) continues to be a subject for speculation. It was Pincus (1964) who, on the basis of original experiments, first conceived the idea of hyperoestrogenism as the probable cause of the antifertility effect of IUDs. Various workers (Vorys, De Neef, Boutselis, Dettman, Scott, Stevens & Besch, 1964; Sammour, Iskander & Rifai, 1967; Bengtsson & Moawad...

INTRODUCTION The levonorgestrel-releasing intra-uterine device (Mirena(R)) is an effective, long term form of contraception that leads to a significant reduction of menstrual bleeding among majority of women. However, irregular bleeding is quite common in initial Mirena(R) users and may thereby mask underlying cervical pathology. CASE PRESENTATION Two women with cervical cancer and a Mirena(R...

OBJECTIVES Despite the global expansion of supply chains and changes to the production process, few studies since the mid-1990 s and 2000s have examined reproductive risks of the microelectronics industry; we examined the reproductive risks among female microelectronics workers in South Korea. METHODS Based on claim data from the National Health Insurance (2008-2012), we estimated age-specifi...

OBJECTIVE To obtain estimates of the rate of spontaneous resolution of heavy menstrual bleeding and to explore any association with specific menstrual symptoms. DESIGN Two-year prospective cohort study. SETTING Seven general practices, with 67 100 registered patients. POPULATION All women aged 40-54 years on the practices age-sex registers. METHODS Baseline postal questionnaire, with fo...

A 37-year-old woman presenting with galactorrhea and menstrual irregularity due to an intrasellar lesion of the pituitary gland underwent transsphenoidal surgery for histopathological diagnosis and removal of the lesion. Histological findings were consistent with a tuberculoma. The post-operative course was satisfactory with resolution of galactorrhea and improved ovulatory cycle. The patient w...

OBJECTIVE To determine the face validity and internal reliability of the short form 36 (SF 36) health survey questionnaire in women presenting with menorrhagia. DESIGN Postal survey of women recruited by their general practitioners followed by interviews of a selected subsample. PATIENTS 348 women who had consulted their general practitioner with excessive menstrual bleeding and completed q...

The changes in the serum prolactin levels during 8 ovulatory cycles, 3 anovulatory cycles, 3 clomiphene treated cycles, 4 premarin treated cycles and 2 cycles which had just become pregnant were measured by our heterologous radioimmunoassay. Serum prolactin levels showed an increase in the ovulatory phase in 6 out of 8 ovulatory women and in the luteal phase in 5 out of 8 ovulatory women respec...

Many HIV-infected women are benefiting from highly active antiretroviral therapy and living longer. Their reproductive choices vary over the life cycle, and there is a need to understand the appropriate contraceptives for those not intending pregnancy. There are specific gynecologic issues relevant to HIV-infected women, such as genital tract infections, risk for cervical cancer, and menstrual ...