This article uses the contemporary international politics of intellectual property rights (IPRs) as a lens to examine North-South conflicts over international economic governance and the possibilities of institutional reform. Although developing countries have limited control over the distributional and substantive dimensions of international institutions, they retain an important stake in a ru...

Background: Situations of humanitarian crisis are often caused by armed conflicts. Given the prevalence of non-international armed conflicts today, ways of ameliorating these situations are at the forefront of concerns. The international humanitarian law rules governing non-international armed conflict remain much less developed than those for international armed conflicts. This makes governing...

this islamic rule is one of the most important rules in order to protect legal system and prevent it from disorder in social human life. the meaning of this rule is that, there is no law devised that violates the order of human life. the most important evidences for the validity of this rule are islamic tradition and wisdom. this article shows the status of this subject in purposive and governm...

Background: The legality of the laws and regulations on ethics has always been emphasized on the morality of legal systems and its necessity has been discussed. In Iran, because of other small-scale systems, the law creates and introduces strong rules. The law may not be applicable to the evidence. In fact, the high-level rules have many implications. The purpose of this study is to investigate...

although england and the united states are both common law states and their legal systems follow the same rules, each has disregarded certain rules and changed them to suit specific circumstances. for instance, they have both disregarded the common law rule on the insertion of exemption conditions by carriers. regarding carrier’s liability towards passengers, the united states accepts the highe...

Abstract This article analyses the role of national and international intellectual property (IP) law in assessing IP as a protected investment. It offers two approaches for controlling investment arbitration related to rights (IPRs), followed by an examination implications challenges those approaches. Its main argument is that even if dispute arises from (IP investment), it does not necessarily...