We apply the first-order reversal curve (FORC) method, borrowed from studies of ferromagnetic materials, to the magneto-structural phase transition of Fe1+yTe. FORC measurements reveal two features in the hysteretic phase transition, even in samples where traditional temperature measurements display only a single transition. For Fe1.13Te, the influence of magnetic field suggests that the main f...

The magnetization of the oriented Er5Si4 single crystal, measured along the three principal crystallographic directions, reveals strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The b axis is the easy magnetization direction. The possible presence of the crystal-field effect and the noncollinear alignment of magnetic moments result in a lower than g J magnetization along all crystallographic directions, e...

In this paper, the electronic eigenstates and energy spectra of single and two-interacting electrons confined in a concentric double quantum rings with a perpendicular magnetic field in the presence of         on-center donor and acceptor impurities are calculated using the exact diagonalization method. For a single electron case, the binding energy of on-center donor and acceptor impurities ar...

We use the magnetic field distribution of an azimuthally polarized focused laser beam to excite a magnetic dipole transition in Eu^{3+} ions embedded in a Y2O3 nanoparticle. The absence of the electric field at the focus of an azimuthally polarized beam allows us to unambiguously demonstrate that the nanoparticle is excited by the magnetic dipole transition near 527.5 nm. When the laser wavelen...

By phenomenological Landau analysis, it is shown that a scalar order parameter with the pointgroup symmetry Γ1g explains most properties associated with the phase transition in PrFe4P12 at 6.5 K. The scalar-order model reproduces magnetic and elastic properties in PrFe4P12 consistently such as (i) the anomaly of the magnetic susceptibility and elastic constant at the transition temperature, (ii...

The isotropic-nematic (I-N) phase transition of side-chain polymer liquid crystals is intrinsically a weak first-order transition with a biphasic region spread over a wide temperature interval. In the presence of high magnetic fields we find the I-N transition to become a strong first order. The I-N biphasic region shrinks its temperature window as larger magnetic fields are applied, until it c...

The thermodynamical behaviours of ferromagnetic systems in equilibrium are well studied. However, the ferromagnetic system, far from equilibrium, became an interesting field of research in last few decades. The ferromagnetic systems in the presence of a steady magnetic field are also studied by using standard tools of equilibrium statistical physics. The ferromagnet in the presence of time depe...

There are many interests to achieve long-range magnetic order in topological insulators of Bi2Se3 or Bi2Te3 by doping magnetic transition metals such as Fe and Mn. The transition metals act as not only magnetic dopants but also electric dopants because they are usually divalent. However, if the doping elements are rare-earth metals such as Gd, which are trivalent, only magnetic moments can be i...

The thermodynamical behaviours of ferromagnetic systems in equilibrium are well studied. However, the ferromagnetic system, far from equilibrium, became an interesting field of research in last few decades. The ferromagnetic systems in the presence of a steady magnetic field are also studied by using standard tools of equilibrium statistical physics. The ferromagnet in the presence of time-depe...

We carry out Monte Carlo simulations of the uniformly frustrated three dimensional XY model, as a model for vortex line fluctuations in high temperature superconductors in an applied magnetic field. We show, comparing systems of different size, that there are two distinct phase transitions. At a lower Tc⊥, the vortex lattice melts, and coherence is lost in planes perpendicular to the magnetic f...