The induction coil sensors (called also search coils, pickup coils or magnetic loop sensors) are described. The design methods of air coils and ferromagnetic core coils are compared and summarized. The frequency properties of the coil sensors are analyzed and various methods of output signal processing are presented. Special kinds of induction sensors, as Rogowski coil, gradiometer sensors, vib...

In the recent years, the introduction and development of simple and portable sensors has been the focus of researchers in nearly all scientific domains, particularly in the biomedical settings. Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) provides a cutting-edge sensor technology. The GMR-based sensors are capable to affordably and sensitively detect and quantify microand nano-magnetic particles, even in very...

Very dense arrays of micron-sized magnetic sensors combined with micron sensor spacing on a single chip can detect very small magnetic fields with high spatial resolution. These changes in magnetic fields are in the milligauss range, approximately 500 times less than Earth’s field, and are required for magnetic biosensors, nondestructive test/inspection/evaluation, precision position measuremen...

The position of a magnetic target can be obtained through magnetic anomaly which is measured by a magnetic sensor. Comparing with vector magnetic sensor, the measurement value of the scalar magnetic sensor is almost not influenced by its orientation in measurement coordinate axes. Therefore, scalar magnetic sensors can be easily assembled into an array. Based on analysis of the total scalar mag...

Recording the variation of joint angles as a feedback to the control unit is frequent in articulated arms. In this paper, magnetic sensor AS5045, which is a contactless encoder, is employed to measure joint angles of 6R robot and the performance of that is examined. The sensor has a low volume, two digital outputs and provides a high resolution measurement for users; furthermore its zero positi...

Rotary encoders for rotational angle detection have been used in a variety of industrial applications, including detection of actuation and travel amounts and motor speed control. In automotive applications, rotary encoders are utilized for steering system angle detection, accelerator pedals and throttle valves to improve vehicle operability and safety. For every automotive application, the nee...

The ability to sense Earth's magnetic field has evolved in various taxa. However, despite great efforts to find the 'magnetic-sensor' in vertebrates, the results of these scientific efforts remain inconclusive. A few decades ago, it was found that bacteria, known as magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), can move along a magnetic field using nanometric chain-like structures. Still, it is not fully clear...