A partial decrease of the convective energy by the magnetic field of a sunspot causes the temperature of the magnetized plasma to decrease and this leads to a magneto-hydrostatic equilibrium. Thus, we expect a strong relation between magnetic field strength of a sunspot and its temperature/brightness. Here, we investigate this relation in the umbra of the large sunspot in NOAA10930 using spectr...

The prepared magnetic-modified Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 -TAN) were used as adsorbent for removal of crystal violet (CV) from water solution. The effects of pH, contact time, dye concentration and temperature on adsorption were determined. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir adsorption model. The data fitted well to the model with maximum adsorption capacities 84.0 mg/gund...