A fully 3D conjugate numerical analysis was performed to reveal the effects of air, R134a refrigerant and water on electromagnetic fields of electronic cooling designs made of arrays of micro pin-fins with integrated ThroughSilicon-Vias (TSVs). The integrated TSV cooling configuration included 8 cylindrical TSVs with 150 μm diameter each and 200 μm height. The external dimensions of the silicon...

Fe -Cu alloys (40≤x≤90) prepared by ball milling nominally pure (99%) Fe and Cu powders and warm x 100-x compacted (at ∼300 °C) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Both FCC and BCC diffraction peaks (indicative of pure Fe and Cu) showed that the mixtures were still two phase even after...

An efficient technique to generate ensembles of spins that are highly polarized by external magnetic fields is the Holy Grail in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Since spin-half nuclei have steady-state polarization biases that increase inversely with temperature, spins exhibiting high polarization biases are considered cool, even when their environment is warm. Existing spin-cool...

We briefly review recent theoretical studies of the effects of accreted envelopes, magnetic fields and crustal superfluidity on the cooling of neutron stars. These effects are especially important for slowly cooling low-mass neutron stars, where direct Urca process of neutrino emission is forbidden. The effects are useful for interpretation of observations of several isolated middle-aged neutro...

Assembled nanofin heat sinks, nanostructures which are formed via external forces in a cooling microfluidic to remove heat from hot spots, are a new concept that has recently been introduced. In this work, we investigate nanofin structures formed by CrO2 and Fe2O3 magnetic nanoparticles and compare their performance. Thermal imaging is used for comparison of three cases including: (i) DI water ...

Ultramagnetized neutron stars or magnetars have been invoked to explain several astrophysical phenomena. We examine how the magnetic field of a magnetar will decay over time and how this decay affects the cooling of the object. We find that for sufficiently strong nascent fields, field decay alters the cooling evolution significantly relative to similarly magnetized neutron stars with constant ...

We report on the generation of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a gas of chromium atoms, which have an exceptionally large magnetic dipole moment and therefore underlie anisotropic long-range interactions. The preparation of the chromium condensate requires novel cooling strategies that are adapted to its special electronic and magnetic properties. The final step to reach quantum degeneracy is for...

The effect of an externally-applied 70-100 kG axial magnetic field in the temporal evolution of the extreme ultraviolet emission from a 500 pm diameter highly-ionized LiH capillary discharge has been studied. In the absence of external magnetic confinement, strong emission from ionic transitions excited by collisional recombination is observed at the end of the current pulse. The externally-app...

We have computed line emission cooling rates for the main cooling species in models of interstellar molecular clouds. The models are based on numerical simulations of super–sonic magneto–hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Non-LTE radiative transfer calculations have been performed to properly account for the complex density and velocity structures in the MHD simulations. Three models are used. Two ...

In the baseline Neutrino Factory muon front end, strong, closely spaced solenoid magnets are used to contain the high emittance muon beam. In addition, significant acceleration is required for bunching, phase rotation and cooling, requiring RF cavities operating near to their maximum achievable gradient. There are experimental indications that RF cavities may not be able to achieve these large ...