Recent studies have demonstrated that systemic Corynebacterium parvum increases serum granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and stimulates the proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells. It was hypothesized that more rapid cycling of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells would render the cells more sensitive to a cell cycle-specific chemotherapeutic agent. The colony-...

Using a multiprobe RNase protection assay, we examined cytokine and chemokine mRNAs that were expressed after corneal infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice. Cytokines that were upregulated included interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and -1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-11, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-st...

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), a chronic cerebral inflammatory state is thought to lead to neuronal injury. Microglia, intrinsic cerebral immune effector cells, are likely to be key in the pathophysiology of this inflammatory state. We showed that macrophage colony-stimulating factor, a microglial activator found at increased levels in the central nervous system in AD, dramatically augments beta-...

We have used a serum-free culture system for enriched human hemopoietic progenitors to analyze the developmental stages and lineage specificities of the human hemopoietic colony-stimulating factors. None of the individual factors alone efficiently supported hemopoietic colony formation. Neither interleukin 3 nor granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor alone or in combination effectivel...

We compared the radiosensitivity of macrophage (M) colony-forming cell (CFC) in and outside the hemopoietic bone marrow. Murine bone marrow cells (BMC) are stimulated by either macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) or murine recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) to form M- and granulocyte- macrophage (GM) colonies on soft agarose medium, whereas both peri...

Highly enriched, bipotent, hematopoietic granulocyte macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) require cytokines for their survival, proliferation, and development. GM-CFC will form neutrophils in the presence of the cytokines stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, whereas macrophage colony-stimulating factor leads to macrophage formation. Previously, we have shown that the ...

Highly enriched, bipotent, hematopoietic granulocyte macrophage colony-forming cells (GMCFC) require cytokines for their survival, proliferation, and development. GM-CFC will form neutrophils in the presence of the cytokines stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, whereas macrophage colony-stimulating factor leads to macrophage formation. Previously, we have shown that the c...

To develop a murine model system to test the role of monocyte-derived macrophage in atherosclerosis, the osteopetrotic (op) mutation in the macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene was bred onto the apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient background. The doubly mutant (op/apoE-deficient) mice fed a low-fat chow diet had significantly smaller proximal aortic lesions at an earlier stage of progression...

We examined the in vitro stimulative effects of recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL-6, or interferon-beta 2) on purified human bone marrow progenitor cells. IL-6 alone or in combination with erythropoietin (Epo), IL-3, GM-CSF, or G-CSF did not induce colony formation. However, IL-6 strongly synergized with M-CSF in stimulating macrophage colony formation (colony numbers and size). The magnitude...