Select copyrighted material from published articles may be included in this CAT for the purpose of providing a context for an informed critical appraisal. Readers are strongly encouraged to seek out the published articles included here for additional information and to further examine the findings in their original presentation. Copyrighted materials from articles included in this CAT should no...

Content balancing is often required in the development and implementation of computerized adaptive tests (CATs). In the current study, we propose a modified a-stratified method, the a-stratified method with content blocking. As a further refinement of a-stratified CAT designs, the new method incorporates content specifications into item pool stratification. Simulation studies were conducted to ...

Psychopath. The word alone evokes powerful emotions and images. Attaching that label to a juvenile offender is a serious charge, and should be done so with caution, especially given that the standard assessment tools for psychopathy were originally developed for adults, not juveniles. As the MacArthur Research Network on Adolescent Development and Juvenile Justice has shown, and as the U.S. juv...

BACKGROUND Patients undergoing hemodialysis frequently report pain with multifactorial causes, not limited to that experienced directly from hemodialysis treatment. Their pain may be nociceptive, neuropathic, somatic or visceral in nature. Despite this, pain in this population remains under-recognized and under-treated. Although several tools have been used to measure pain in patients undergoin...

Select copyrighted material from published articles may be included in this CAT for the purpose of providing a context for an informed critical appraisal. Readers are strongly encouraged to seek out the published articles included here for additional information and to further examine the findings in their original presentation. Copyrighted materials from articles included in this CAT should no...

The treatment of painful chronic pancreatitis remains controversial. The available evidence from two randomized controlled trials favor surgical intervention, whereas an endotherapy-first approach is widely practiced. Chronic pancreatitis is complex disease with different genetic and environmental factors, different pain mechanisms and different treatment modalities including medical, endoscopi...

Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (HMRC) was born out of the need to create a UK tax authority by merging both the Inland Revenue and HM Customs & Excise into one department. HMRC encounters spreadsheets in tax-payers’ systems on a very regular basis as well as being a heavy user of spreadsheets internally. The approach to spreadsheet risk assessment and spreadsheet audit is by the use of trained...

BACKGROUND Pain in children with rheumatic conditions such as arthritis is common. However, there is currently no standardized method for the assessment of this pain in children presenting to pediatric rheumatologists. A more consistent and comprehensive approach is needed to effectively assess, treat and monitor pain outcomes in the pediatric rheumatology population. The objectives of this stu...

This review of current research on networks emphasizes three strands of the literature on social networks. The first strand is composed of models of endogenous network formation from both the economics and the computer science literature. The review highlights the sensitive dependence of the topology of endogenous networks on parameters of the behavioral models employed. The second strand draws...