In mammals, the basic computations required for azimuthal sound localization are performed by a group of auditory brainstem nuclei known as the superior olivary complex (SOC). The lateral superior olive (LSO), in the SOC, aids in sound localization by computing intensity differences between sounds arriving at the two ears. It does this by comparing excitatory input from the ipsilateral anterove...

The efferent connections of the cat's lateral superior olive (LSO) were examined first with kainic acid-induced anterograde degeneration and tritiated leucine autoradiography and then by systematic repetition of HRP and fluorescent dye retrograde tract-tracing techniques. The results show that virtually all LSO cells have axons ascending either contralaterally or ipsilaterally to high pontine a...

41 Interaural intensity differences are analyzed in neurons of the lateral superior olive (LSO) by 42 integration of an inhibitory input from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB), activated by 43 sound from the contralateral ear, with an excitatory input from the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus. The 44 early postnatal refinement of this inhibitory MNTB-LSO projection along the tonotopic...

fibers from the cochlea. Since both cochlear nuclei impinge upon cells in the SOC, it represents the initial site of binaural interaction. The SOC is so named because anatomically it is in a superior position relative to the inferior olivary complex. The term olivary is based on the olive-shaped protuberance on the ventral lateral surface of the medulla created by the underlying inferior olivar...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This paper proposes a multi-objective lion swarm optimization based on multi-agent (MOMALSO) for solving the increasingly complex problem in engineering practice. First, Multi-agent system is introduced into (LSO) algorithm. The mechanism of LSO and information exchange between agents are integrated to enhance local search global ability algorithm, self-learni...

With the miniaturization of scanning mirrors and the emergence of wearable health monitoring, an intriguing step is to investigate the potential of a laser scanning ophthalmoscope (LSO) for retinal imaging with wearable glasses. In addition to providing morphological information of the retina, such as vasculature, LSO images could also be used to provide information on general health conditions...

This experiment studied the effect of 3 forms of presentation of linseed fatty acids (FA) on methane output using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique, total tract digestibility, and performance of dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows (initial milk yield 23.4 +/- 2.2 kg/d) were assigned to 4 dietary treatments in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design: a control diet (C) co...