Today, by using half of the oil reserves of the world, natural production of oil has decreased drastically. Gas and water injection for maintaining reservoir pressure is not responsive for oil production.At first, we dispersed silica nanoparticles in low salinity and after two weeks, there was no change in its stability. Then we mixed the nanoparticles in low salinity. After a while, we found o...

The community diversities of two oil reservoirs with low permeability of 1.81 × 10(-3) and 2.29 × 10(-3) μm(2) in Changqing, China, were investigated using a high throughput sequencing technique to analyze the influence of biostimulation with a nutrient activator on the bacterial communities. These two blocks differed significantly in salinity (average 17,500 vs 40,900 mg/L). A core simulation ...

Plants are currently experiencing increasing salinity problems due to irrigation with brackish water. Moreover, in fields, roots can grow in soils which show spatial variation in water content and salt concentration, also because of the type of irrigation. Salinity impairs crop growth and productivity by inhibiting many physiological and metabolic processes, in particular nitrate uptake, transl...

We conducted a retrospective study of serum biochemistry and hematologic findings from displaced, out-of-habitat bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) exposed to various low salinity environments in waters along the southern United States including southeastern Atlantic and northern Gulf of Mexico. Serum sodium, chloride, and calculated osmolality were significantly lower and below reference...

The interaction between roots and bacterial communities in halophytic species is poorly understood. Here, we used Jerusalem artichoke cultivar Nanyu 1 (NY-1) to characterise root distribution patterns and determine diversity and abundance of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil under variable salinity. Root growth was not inhibited within the salinity range 1.2 to 1.9 g salt/kg, but roots were main...

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase appears to be a central molecular component in the suite of physiological and biochemical adaptations to low salinity found in euryhaline crustaceans. It is present in high activities in the organs responsible for osmotic and ionic regulation, the gills, and more specifically, the individual gills that are specialized for active ion uptake from dilute sea water. Wi...

Low-salinity stress can severely affect the fitness of marine organisms. As desalination has been predicted for many coastal areas with ongoing climate change, it is crucial to gain more insight in mechanisms that constrain salinity acclimation ability. induced depletion organic osmolyte pool suggested set a critical boundary osmoconforming invertebrates. Whether inorganic ions also play persis...