in this paper, vehicle’s fuel consumption and exhaust emissions are investigated in different driving conditions based on driving segments clustering. driving data collection is performed using global positioning systems in real traffic conditions. the driving data is clustered into five groups using k-means clustering technique. vehicle’s fuel consumption and exhaust emissions (i.e. hc, nox a...

Current atmospheric models do not include secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production from gas-phase reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Recent studies have shown that primary emissions undergo oxidation in the gas phase, leading to SOA formation. This opens the possibility that low-volatility gas-phase precursors are a potentially large source of SOA. In this work, SOA formati...

Long-term observations of the reactive chemical composition of the tropical marine boundary layer (MBL) are rare, despite its crucial role for the chemical stability of the atmosphere. Recent observations of reactive bromine species in the tropical MBL showed unexpectedly high levels that could potentially have an impact on the ozone budget. Uncertainties in the ozone budget are amplified by ou...

The study by Henze et al. ”Global modeling of secondary organic aerosol formation from aromatic hydrocarbons: Highvs low-yield pathways” investigates the global relevance of recent simulation chamber results that parameterize the NOx dependence of SOA yields from benzene, toluene and m-xylene, by Ng et al. (2007). The paper is generally well written, and presents the results on the NOx dependen...

Selected results of environmental chamber experiments carried out in the new large indoor environmental chamber at the University of California at Riverside (UCR) that are relevant to quantifying ozone impacts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are described. Issues and data needs for quantification of VOC reactivities towards ground-level ozone are described. The ability of the current SAPRC...

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) contribute to a wide range of environmental effects including the formation of acid rain and destroy ozone layer. In-cylinder high temperature flame and high oxygen concentration are the parameters which affect the NOx emissions. The EGR system is a very effective way for reducing NOx emission from a diesel engine (via reduction of these parameters), particularly at the...

and model’s scores The RMSE improvement presented in the abstract corresponds to the RMSE on stations, given in Section 4. We agree that the model’s performance cannot be summarized by this mild improvement, and we should insist more on the better representation of the spatial variability. As the reviewer states, the results for NO in terms of total RMSE are “surprisingly low” when given in the...

The purpose of this study was to determine the changes of oxidative response and exercise-induced muscle damage after two different resistance exercise protocols. Whether training with low or high intensity resistance programs cause alterations in the activities of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NOx), and creatine kinase (CK) activity in human plasma was investigated. Twenty untrained males ...

trans-Resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to have cardioprotective effect during ischemia-reperfusion through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity. Elevated ROS has been implicated in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) is a major source of vascular ROS formation. In the present study, we show that exposure o...