background:  multiple  sclerosis  (ms) patients permanently confronted  with serious challenges from treatment regimen. developing  a new  questionnaire in ms management, through  evaluation  of patients’ perspectives   and  knowledge   regarding   treatment  will help  to  identify the  sources  of tension, and  to  build  a therapeutic   alliance.   we   purposed   to   describe    ms patient...

background and purpose: scorpion sting is one of the major health problems of undeveloped countries, which causes severe complications and sometimes death.this study aimed toassessment knowledge of scorpion sting patients who admitted to ahvaz razi hospital about pre-hospital care. materials and methods: this is a descriptive study, which its participants were sampled by a pilot method, and the...

Variation in school attributes, proximity, and fees across neighborhoods is used to identify factors which affect whether poor households send their children to government school, private school, or no school. Analysis shows that even the poorest households use private schools extensively, and that utilization increases with income. Lowering private school fees or distance or raising measured q...

The massive data sets from today’s particle physics experiments present a variety of challenges amenable to the tools developed by the statistics community. From the real-time decision of what subset of data to record on permanent storage, to the reduction of millions of channels of electronics to a few dozen high-level variables of primary interest, to the interpretation of these high-level ob...

An intelligent planning system is an example of a software aid which, although developed by specialists in artificial intelligence, and custonlised for a particular application by knowledge engineers, is intended eventually to be used by non-programmers for a wide variety of tasks. That is, the domain-specific definition of requirements, resources, etc. for a particular application will be spec...

The purpose of this work is to detect strong changes in spatial relationships between objects in video sequences, with a limited knowledge on the objects. First, a fuzzy representation of the objects is proposed based on low-level generic primitives. Furthermore, angle and distance histograms are used as examples to model the spatial relationships between two objects. Then, we estimate the dist...

Children from low socio-economic status (SES) households often demonstrate worse growth and developmental outcomes than wealthier children, in part because poor children face a broader range of risk factors. It is difficult to characterize the trajectories of SES disparities in low- and middle-income countries because longitudinal data are infrequently available. We analyze measures of children...

In this paper, we discussed the VISOLE learning mode,which is a hybrid learning that combined the game-based learning and the traditional learning. Briefly speaking, the VISOLE approach is composed of 3 phases in which students have to (Phase 1) preliminarily acquire some high-level knowledge in specific subject domains through teachers’ scaffolding; (Phase 2) actively participate as game chara...

Cities on a map that are directly connected by a route are judged closer than unconnected cities. This route effect has been attributed to memory distortions induced by the integration of map information with high-level knowledge about implications of route connections. However, depicted routes also connect cities visually, thereby creating a single visual object—which implies a perceptual basi...