BACKGROUND Low-carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular for weight loss. However, evidence from individual trials about benefits and risks of these diets to achieve weight loss and modify cardiovascular risk factors is preliminary. METHODS We used the Cochrane Collaboration search strategy to identify trials comparing the effects of low-carbohydrate diets without restriction of ene...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a spectrum of disorders ranging from simple steatosis (non-alcoholic fatty liver, NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. NAFL increases the risk of liver fibrosis. If the liver is fatty due to causes of insulin resistance such as obesity and physical inactivity, it overproduces glucose and triglycerides leading to hyperinsul...

Diet is important for the prevention of CVD, and diets high in MUFA might be more cardioprotective than low-fat diets. We hypothesise that inflammation and endothelial cell function will be improved most favourably by a high-MUFA diet compared with a low-fat diet. This was tested in a parallel randomised intervention trial on overweight individuals (aged 28·2 (SD 4·6) years) assigned to a diet ...

Marine oils containing n-3 fatty acids exhibit variable antineoplastic effects. Diets containing low (11.6% of kcal) or high (46.5% of kcal) levels of marine oils as the exclusive fat source were compared to diets containing identical amounts of safflower oil (n-6) in weanling, male BALB/c ByJ mice. All diets provided approximately 90 kcal/100 g body weight/day, and contained identical quantiti...

the effects of l-carnitine on growth performance and carcass composition in male broiler chicks, fed diet in which cp was reduced in a stepwise manner from 21 to 18% were investigated. ileal digestible quantities of all eaa were almost equal in the diets, with quantities nrc 1994 recommendations. one hundred forty four male commercial broilers were allotted to six groups, each with four replica...

From personal experience on low fat diets and through experience gained treating patients with low fat diets, the authors suggest that when such a diet is prescribed carefully it may be quite palatable and also reduce serum cholesterol concentration. The principles of a low fat diet and methods for making the diet appetizing are presented. Sample diet instruction sheets which can be individuali...

Abstract Overweight and obesity has increased in prevalence over the last two decades in many developed and developing countries including Iran. The aim of this present study was to compare the weight reduction effects of ketogenic and low calorie diets on overweight and obese Iranian children. Seventy-six overweight or obese children aged 9-16 years recruited from outpatient Ghaem Hospital, Nu...

The aims of this study were to compare the effects of weight-loss diets of different macronutrient compositions on weight and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and to examine the relationship between changes in HRQOL parameters and weight loss during weight-loss programs in obese adolescents. Seventy one adolescents (12-18 years, BMI>95th percentile) were randomly allocated to one of thre...

Diets deficient in protein often increase food consumption, body weight and fat mass; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We compared the effects of diets varying in protein concentrations on energy balance in obesity-prone rats. We demonstrate that protein-free (0% protein calories) diets decreased energy intake and increased energy expenditure, very low protein (5% pr...