OBJECTIVES To compare mean birth weights, gestational ages and odds of preterm birth and low birth weight of live singleton babies of black African or Caribbean ethnicity born in 2005 or 2006 by mother's country of birth. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from linked birth registration and NHS Numbers for Babies data set. SETTING Births to women in England and Wales in 2005 and 2006. PART...

a casual comparative study was made to determine the effect of pregnant women's working conditions on   pregnancy outcome (fetal death, gestational age and birth weight).   600 women, delivered or treated for spontaneous abortion in eleven hospitals of tehran, were interviewed, 200   were working women (the study group) and 400 housewives (the control group).   for collecting information a...

There have been two main approaohes to investigation of the relation of birth weight to intelligence. In one, birth weights of children of low intelligence are compared with those of children of average or high intelligence. Where the comparison has been between children in ordinary schools, as in Ascher & Roberts's study (1949) in primary, grammar and secondary schools, birth weight differenoe...

objective: considering the various evidences due to effects of trace elements on the outcome of pregnancy, we decided to assess the effect of these elements levels in maternal and cord serum on low birth weight. materials and methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 344 pregnant women in labour and their neonates in maryam, akbarabadi and vali-e-asr hospitals in tehran, ir...

background probiotics are thought to interfere with the mechanisms involving in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates. objectives this study was planned to assess the effect of prophylactic probiotics for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in low birth weight neonates. patients and methods this prospective triple-blinded, interventional, randomized clinical trial en...

background: prematurity is the most common cause of death and disability and preterm infants, are prone to developmental complications. for this reason this study was designed for follow up of these babies until 2 years by modified ddst-2. methods: this study was a prospective longitudinal descriptive study from march 2009 to march 2011 in clinic of sheikh and imam reza hospitals, mashhad, iran...

background: metabolic bone diseases (mbd), including rickets and osteopenia, are important neonatal complications among preterm infants. this study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of mbd in neonates with very low birth weight (vlbw). methods: this prospective study was conducted on vlbw infants from january 2012 to july 2013. inclusion criteria were birth weight of ≤1500 g an...

background : twin pregnancies are commonly associated with low birth weight (lbw) infants. most studies focus on growth of lbw compared with normal infants in singleton. however, there has not been any study on twins to com-pare lbw with normal birth weight (nbw) infants as a match control of the same twin. methods : this cohort study was conducted at healthcare centers of kashan, in 2013. twin...

objective: maternal hypovitaminosis d may impair fetal growth and cause adverse pregnancy outcomes including intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal low birth weight. the aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between maternal vitamin d status and neonate’s birth weight. materials and methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive analytical study was carried out in the nursery ward of...