The rat retina can be successfully grafted within a long time period which extends into the first 2 weeks of postnatal life. Postnatal grafts taken 1-2 days (PN 1-2) after birth demonstrate no significant differences in their ability to form successful grafts. However, grafting success begins to diminish gradually starting between PN 2-4 and reaches a low point in organization and survival by P...

Our understanding of the mechanisms that establish wiring specificity of complex neural circuits is far from complete. During Drosophila olfactory circuit assembly, axons of 50 olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) classes and dendrites of 50 projection neuron (PN) classes precisely target to 50 discrete glomeruli, forming parallel information-processing pathways. Here we show that Toll-6 and Toll-7,...

Hop extract is a long used medicinal product and, regarding hormonal activities, in 1999 a number of prenylflavanones have been identified as its major constituents with 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) being the main active estrogenic compound. There have been several in vivo studies performed that demonstrate the potential of hop extract and the single compound 8-PN to alleviate climacteric symptoms...

To develop potent paclitaxel (PTX) formulations for cancer chemotherapy, we formulated PTX into polymeric nanoparticles composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polylactic acid (PLA) block copolymer (PN-PTX). First, the physicochemical properties of PN-PTX prepared were assessed; the mean particle size was around 80 nm and the zeta potential was found to be almost neutral. Next, the in vitro P...

The objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term clinical significance of enteral nutrition (EN) in weaning adult short bowel patients off parenteral nutrition (PN) undergoing intestinal rehabilitation therapy (IRT). Sixty-one adult patients with small bowel length 47.95+/-19.37 cm were retrospectively analyzed. After a 3-week IRT program, including recombinant human growth hormone (rhG...

The controlled release of well-defined radical species under mild conditions for subsequent use in selective reactions is an important and challenging task synthetic chemistry. We show here that simple bismuth amide [Bi(NAr2)3] readily aminyl radicals [NAr2]. at ambient temperature solution. These yield the corresponding hydrazines, Ar2N?NAr2, as a result highly N?N coupling. exploitation facil...

Background & aimsEarly use of parenteral nutrition (early-PN), as compared with withholding it for one week (late-PN), in the PICU, has shown to slow down recovery from critical illness and impair long-term development 6 neurocognitive/behavioural/emotional functions assessed 2 years later. Given that key steps brain maturation occur at different times during childhood, we hypothesised age time...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether prevalent hospital-acquired pneumonia and wound infection affect the clinical long-term outcome after acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS This was a longitudinal cohort study within the prospective multicenter National Spinal Cord Injury Database (Birmingham, Alabama). We screened datasets of 3,834 patients enrolled in 20 trial centers from 1995 ...