In the present research, a multi-objective model is proposed, which considers equity among the citizens in addition to the cost criterion. Then, the model will be solved using Reservation Level Tchebycheff Procedure (RLTP), which is one of the interactive multi-objective decision-making techniques. Subsequently, the obtained results will be compared with those of the single-objective models to ...

An urgent need to broaden diversity and support the preparation of students and faculty members along proactive pathways to research and success can be facilitated by targeted faculty development and formalization of policies built on institutional commitment, engagement, and accountability. Involvement of the faculty in building institutional diversity will recognize equity-building initiative...

Both researchers and practitioners seek to understand how to leverage brand equity to create value. Adopting " the theoretical separation of brand equity and brand value " framework originally proposed in the Journal of Brand Management by Raggio and Leone 1 , this conceptual article looks more closely at the brand value construct and the implications of the proposed theoretical separation. The...

This study investigates the effect on stock prices of seasoned equity offerings. The results demonstrate that the announcement of equity otlerings reduces stock prices significantly. For industrial issues, regression results indicate that announcement day price reduction is significantly and negatively related to the size of the equity offering. The results appear not to be explained by changes...

Most research in economics models agents somehow motivated by outcomes. Here, we model agents motivated by procedures instead, where procedures are defined independently of an outcome. To that end, we design procedures which yield the same expected outcomes or carry the same information on other’s intentions while they have different outcomeinvariant properties. Agents are experimentally confir...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stock futures fall risk with non-transparent financial reporting at three levels of size, efficiency and return on equity, in the period 2010 to 2014 was in Tehran Stock Exchange. The population of the study are all companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Data collected and calculated by using Excel software Eviews 7 been ...

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Recent literature suggests that stock market liberalisation has positive effects on macroeconomic growth and private investment. However, econometric relations are largely dependent on the inclusion of higher income countries in such samples, which quite conceivably limits the relevance for lower income nations. Indeed, some evidence in this study indicates that stock market development has a m...

This paper estimates the standard and tax-adjusted market risk premiums in New Zealand using historical data between 1931-2002 and a variant of the Siegel (1992) methodology. Similar to Siegel we present evidence that real bond yields in New Zealand were low over the period 1931-2002 and this may bias upwards an Ibbotsontype estimate of the market risk premium. Using an estimate for the histori...

The ‘worst-off’ have been targeted in international development interventions for decades, including the current push towards evaluating progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using an equity-focused and gender-responsive lens (see, for example, Bamberger and Segone 2011; UNICEF 2011). Even in developed nations, the rhetoric of politicians, organisations and programs has...