Let $G$ be a monoid with identity $e$. In this paper, first we introduce the notions of $G$-graded hyperrings, graded hyperideals and graded hyperfields in the sense of Krasner hyperring $R$. Also, we define the notion of a greded $R$-hypermodules and some examples are presented. Then we investigate graded maximal, graded prime and graded primary hyperideals of a graded hyperring $R$. Finally, ...

Following an active period of policy development and implementation in the 1990s,1 there have been two national great leaps forward that tackled geographical health inequalities in Australia in the new century. In 2000, in the context of growing disaffection in the rural electorate,2 the then health minister, Michael Wooldridge, was responsible for a federal Budget centrepiece of $562 million, ...

Matching families are one of the major ingredients in the construction of locally decodable codes (LDCs) and the best known constructions of LDCs with a constant number of queries are based on matching families. The determination of the largest size of any matching family in Zm, where Zm is the ring of integers modulo m, is an interesting problem. In this paper, we show an upper bound of O((pq)...

There is a fundamental asymmetry between algebras and their dual objects, coalgebras, namely that the dual of a coalgebra is an algebra, but the converse is only true in finite dimensions. We prove that there exists a differential graded coalgebra whose continuous dual is the differential graded algebra of differential forms. This coalgebra will be constructed as an explicit subspace of de Rham...

It is shown that for every p ∈ (1,∞) there exists a Banach space X of finite cotype such that the projective tensor product lp⊗̂X fails to have finite cotype. More generally, if p1, p2, p3 ∈ (1,∞) satisfy 1 p1 + 1 p2 + 1 p3 6 1 then lp1⊗̂lp2⊗̂lp3 does not have finite cotype. This is a proved via a connection to the theory of locally decodable codes.

Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$ and $R$ be a commutative $G$-graded ring with nonzero unity $1$. In this article, we introduce the concept of graded $r$-ideals. A proper graded ideal $P$ of a graded ring $R$ is said to be graded $r$-ideal if whenever $a, bin h(R)$ such that $abin P$ and $Ann(a)={0}$, then $bin P$. We study and investigate the behavior of graded $r$-ideals to introduce ...

BACKGROUND The preferred treatment for locally aggressive lung cancers is triple modality therapy with concurrent and induction chemotherapy with radiation therapy followed by surgery. Patients with locally advanced T4 Pancoast tumors with spine involvement, without mediastinal N2 lymph node involvement and without distant metastases, are appropriate candidates for complete resection with subse...

Definition 1. Let S be a graded ring, set X = ProjS and letM a graded S-module. We define a sheaf of modulesM ̃ on X as follows. For each p ∈ ProjS we have the local ring S(p) and the S(p)module M(p) (GRM,Definition 4). Let Γ(U,M ̃) be the set of all functions s : U −→ ∐p∈U M(p) with s(p) ∈M(p) for each p, which are locally fractions. That is, for every p ∈ U there is an open neighborhood p ∈ V ⊆...

An integral domain $D$ is called a emph{locally GCD domain} if $D_{M}$ is aGCD domain for every maximal ideal $M$ of $D$. We study somering-theoretic properties of locally GCD domains. E.g., we show that $%D$ is a locally GCD domain if and only if $aDcap bD$ is locally principalfor all $0neq a,bin D$, and flat overrings of a locally GCD domain arelocally GCD. We also show that the t-class group...

Abstract. Let X be a smooth scheme of finite type over a field K, let E be a locally free OX -bimodule of rank n, and let A be the non-commutative symmetric algebra generated by E. We construct an internal Hom functor, HomGrA(−,−), on the category of graded right A-modules. When E has rank 2, we prove that A is Gorenstein by computing the right derived functors of HomGrA(OX ,−). When X is a smo...