The topic of the standard living is one most relevant in modern world, because everyone strives for development, improvement and comfort at different social levels, starting from ordinary workers ending with presidents countries. Every country to create highest quality conditions a better life its population. But question arises as which factors contribute life. Therefore, leading countries dev...

OBJECTIVES To analyse differences in smoking behaviour and smoking expenditures among low and high income households in China and the impact of smoking on standard of living of low income households in China. METHODS About 3400 urban and rural households from 36 townships/districts in southwest China were interviewed in 2002. Cross tabulations and regression analysis were used to examine the ...

• Canada’s standard of living relative to the United States as well as the Canadian-U.S. dollar exchange rate have both declined over the 1990s. This coincident occurrence has led some observers to maintain that these two key economic variables are intimately and causally related. Indeed, they argue that Canada’s flexible exchange rate is responsible for the relative fall in the standard of liv...

Height data of North Korean escapees are analyzed to assess changes in their biological standard of living. In contrast to the population of South Korea, as well as to that of most of the rest of the world, North Koreans did not experience an increase in physical stature during the second half of the 20th century. The divergence between the height of North- and South-Koreans began among the bir...

A baby born in America today has a pretty good chance of making it to adulthood: only a bit more than 0.6% of US infants die (CIA World Factbook). It also has a pretty good chance of living a well-fed and care-for existence compared to most any time and place in history. Coincidence? Well, not exactly. In this paper, we will explore how child mortality affects the standard of living as discusse...

In the summer of 1967, Jim and I began collaborating on optimal taxation. Our paper was essentially finished that summer, although it was a number of years before it appeared in print. Since then, we have collaborated continuously and have published eight more papers plus one forthcoming. At one point, we contemplated writing a graduate text. We got as far as a table of contents and an allocati...