Literature includes comprehensive areas and covers various topics and issues. It relates to the numerous studies and we can use different methods for analyzing and studying it. In other words, most of the issues of literature are “multi-ethnic” and have been firmly rooted in diverse sciences such as psychology. The concept of spiritual intelligence is encountered with the issues followed by mea...

Paradox is one of the literary techniques in the poetry of the Safavid poets. Hazin-e Lahiji, like so many other poets of that age, employed this technique in his pursuit and showed that "unfamiliar meaning". Paradox is used in the poetry of Hazin-e Lahiji for the purpose of defamiliarization and exoticism. The poet in order to create new implications and subtle and insightful points and also t...

translation is an indispensable tool for communication between the diverse linguistic groups. it opens new horizons for the people living in a country so that it makes changes and improvements in their society, especially in the literature. through the translation process, some literary principles and elements are introduced into the home literature which did not exist before. these features em...

The author of the article aims to explain world literature through such concepts as the concept of Hamletism and the character of Hamlet in relation to selected works of Russian Romanticism, in particular, the beginning of realism and symbolism as an outstanding current of the Silver Age. Subject of a careful comparative analysis is the works of Mikhail Lermontov ("Demon" and "Ma...

Poems are essential in art and vital organs in literature. Similarly, surgery (and neurosurgery) is also regarded to be an art in medicine. From Hippocrates to nowadays, there is a debate on whether medicine -especially surgery- is a kind of an art or a field of science or a combination of both. This close relation becomes clearer during the practice of surgery, especially in neurosurgery. Here...