This study investigated the effects of chronic in vivo AMP-kinase activation with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) on lipolysis in subcutaneous inguinal, epididymal, and retroperitoneal fat pads. Male Wistar rats received daily single intraperitoneal injections of either saline or AICAR (0.7 g/kg body wt) for a period of 8 wk. The fat pads were used either to isolate ...

Relative lipolytic activity of human parathyroid hormone-(1-34) (hPTH-(1-34], hPTH-(3-34), desamino-Ser1-hPTH-(1-34), and rat PTH-(1-34) was compared in human subcutaneous adipose tissues in vitro. Human PTH-(1-34), rat PTH-(1-34), and desamino-Ser1-hPTH-(1-34) stimulated in vitro lipolysis significantly above basal level at the concentration of 10(-6) M. Average increments of lipolytic rate we...

circulating hormones, and that catecholamine turnover in the circulation is rapid. Furthermore, the responses of the different fat storing tissues including the liver may be different. This problem is prevented when using isolated fat or liver tissue, or isolated adipocytes and hepatocytes. Migliorini et al. (1992) investigated lipolysis in adipose tissue slices of fish, toad, and snake. Remark...

Eight pairs of obese female monozygotic twins were subjected to a 4-week, very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) that induced a decrease in mean body mass index from 32.9 +/- 1.1 to 29.7 +/- 1.1 kg/m2. Infusion of the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, induced an increase in plasma levels of nonesterified fatty acids and glycerol that was more pronounced during than before VLCD. sc fat biopsies were...

AIMS Nutrient deficiencies are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Adipose tissue plays a critical role in regulating energy balance. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an important endocrine metabolic regulator with emerging beneficial roles in lipid homeostasis. We investigated the impact of FGF21 in experimental colitis-induced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT)...

Fatty acids are important oxidative fuel for liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, and myocardium. There has been much interest in the role of fatty acids in the pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes because they compete with glucose for oxygen and inhibit whole body glucose disposal via the 'Randle cycle,' Control of lipolysis in adipose tissue determines systemic fatty acid supply. A wide ...

Adenosine is secreted from adipocytes, binds to adenosine A(1) receptor and modulates various functions of these cells. In the present study, the effects of an adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist (DPCPX; 0.01, 0.1 and 1 microM) on lipogenesis, glucose transport, lipolysis and the antilipolytic action of insulin were tested in rat adipocytes. DPCPX had a very weak effect on lipogenesis and did no...

Current knowledge regarding acute regulation of adipocyte lipolysis is largely based on receptor-mediated activation or inhibition of pathways that influence intracellular levels of cAMP, thereby affecting protein kinase A (PKA) activity. We recently identified synthetic ligands of α-β-hydrolase domain containing 5 (ABHD5) that directly activate adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) by dissociatin...

The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unknown. However, PCOS has a strong resemblance to the insulin resistance (metabolic) syndrome, where an increased rate of visceral fat cell lipolysis is believed to play a pathophysiological role. We hypothesized that primary defects in visceral lipolysis might also exist in PCOS. Ten young, nonobese, and otherwise healthy PCOS women were com...

in this study, the effect of addition of three different levels of microbial lipase (0, 4, and 8.0 g lipase in 100 kg milk) was investigated on the physiochemical properties, free fatty acids, textural properties, and microstructure of lighvan cheese during ripening. the addition of lipase did not significantly affect ph, acidity, moisture, and salt content of lighvan cheese, but increased its ...