A 38 year old woman who had undergone irradiation during infancy for a left facial cutaneous arteriovenous malformation sequentially developed complete palsies of the ipsilateral VII, V, XI, IX, X, XII and VI cranial nerves. Apart from optic and olfactory nerve damage there are few reports of radiotherapy causing cranial nerve injury. We link the unusually extensive and progressive neural damag...

Introduction: The release of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) after injury has been suggested to activate innate immunity and may form a key link between inflammation and coagulation in trauma. We aimed to study the presence of circulating DAMPs in the form of histone-complexed DNA (hcDNA) in our pediatric trauma population and investigated the association between hcDNA, tr...

In laser application systems, the optical film is one of most important parts system, as well its weakest link. Its damage performance determines output characteristics and safety system. This paper focuses on fundamental frequency reflection dielectric films used in large high-powered devices. The study film’s initial growth carried out through testing microscopic morphology damage. results sh...

This paper introduces a novel design concept for the development of efficient, sustainable Rocking-Wall Moment Frames (RWMFs) under seismic conditions. The proposed concepts lead to a novel structural configuration with provisions for Collapse Prevention (CP), Self-Centering (SC), reparability, performance control (PC), damage reduction, and energy based seismic analysis. It introduces the meri...

TION um damage mechanics (CDM) models, particularly when into finite element models, offer the potential for g the damage accumulation process and the risk of eal skeletal structures. For example, Zysset and Curnier ite general inviscid, isotropic damage model to cancellous the central assumption that plastic flow and damage n are intrinsically related [1]. With evidence from our [2] and others...

DNA damage as a result of environmental stress is recognized by sensor proteins that trigger repair mechanisms, or, if repair is unsuccessful, initiate apoptosis. Defects in DNA damage-induced apoptosis promote genomic instability and tumourigenesis. The protein ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is activated by DNA double-strand breaks and regulates apoptosis via p53. Here we show that FOXO3 ...

DNA damage is induced in many types of cells by internal and external cell stress. When DNA is damaged, DNA Damage Response (DDR) programs are activated to repair the DNA lesions in order to preserve genomic integrity and suppress subsequent malignant transformation. Among these programs is cell cycle checkpoint that ensures cell cycle arrest and subsequent repair of the damaged DNA, apoptosis ...

DNA damage and repair in trypanosomatids impacts virulence, drug resistance and antigenic variation but, currently, little is known about DNA damage responses or cell cycle checkpoints in these divergent protozoa. One of the earliest markers of DNA damage in eukaryotes is γH2A(X), a serine phosphorylated histone H2A (variant). Here, we report the identification and initial characterization of γ...

Psoralen photoreacts with DNA to form interstrand cross-links, which can be repaired by both nonmutagenic nucleotide excision repair and recombinational repair pathways and by mutagenic pathways. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, psoralen cross-links are processed by nucleotide excision repair to form double-strand breaks (DSBs). In yeast, DSBs are repaired primarily by homologous recombin...

DNA interstrand cross-links are induced by many carcinogens and anticancer drugs. It was previously shown that mammalian DNA excision repair nuclease makes dual incisions 5' to the cross-linked base of a psoralen cross-link, generating a gap of 22 to 28 nucleotides adjacent to the cross-link. We wished to find the fates of the gap and the cross-link in this complex structure under conditions co...