AIM When ankyloglossia is relatively severe and generates mechanical limitations and functional challenges, surgical reduction of the frenum is indicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Laser technique is an innovative, safe and effective therapy for frenectomy in both children and adolescents. Erbium:YAG laser (2940nm) can be useful for paediatric dentist: 1.5W at 20pps is a commonly used average ...

It is not uncommon to encounter variations in the Thyroid gland during surgeries. Complete detailed anatomical variations in arterial and venous supply including the presence of ectopic glands is useful for diagnosis and prognosis of patients involved with thyroid disorders. With these facts we tried to evaluate the Anatomical and Morphological variations of the thyroid gland. The study was con...

INTRODUCTION Lingual thyroid gland is a rare anomaly of thyroid gland development, occurring more frequently in females. If it causes local symptomatology such as dysphagia, dysphonia or dyspnea it is diagnosed in childhood, however, if it is asymptomatic it is usually diagnosed in adulthood. CASE OUTLINE We present a 23-year-old female patient in whom we diagnosed lingual thyroid gland coinc...

Thyroid ectopia can occur when the process of thyroid embryogenesis fails. Here, we present the case of a 30-year-old woman with thyroid ectopia that was discovered during magnetic resonance imaging of cervical spine for referred neck pain. Imaging revealed the presence of an encapsulated mass at the base of her tongue. The patient was not symptomatic for any compression of the airways. Diagnos...

Ectopic thyroid tissue with thyroid gland in its normal location is an extremely rare phenomenon. We present a case of a 38-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with symptoms of hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormone measurement revealed clinical hypothyroidism with elevated anti-thyroid antibodies, neck ultrasonography showed a small tissue with the characteristic of Hashimoto thyroiditis,...

BACKGROUND Ectopic thyroid is a rare disease. In the present study at the 9th People's Hospital in Shanghai, China, 42 patients' ectopic thyroid glands between the neck and maxillofacial region were subjected to a retrospective and transverse study based on data from 1978 to 2012 to explore the natural characteristics of ectopic thyroid. METHODS The patients' clinical data were collected. In ...