In coal seam gas (CSG) wells, water is periodically removed from the wellbore in order to keep the bottom-hole flowing pressure at low levels, facilitating the desorption of methane gas from the coal bed. In order to calculate gas flow rate and further optimize well performance, it is necessary to accurately monitor the liquid level in real-time. This paper presents a novel method based on auto...

We present off-nuclear spectra of 3 radio loud QSO’s, 3C249.1, 3C273 and 3C323.1., taken with the echellette spectrograph and imager (ESI) at Keck observatory. From these spectra we have extracted the spatial profile along the slit of the [OIII], λ = 5007 line. Fitted Gaussian distributions to each of these profiles show emission-line gas out to several tens of kiloparsecs from the galaxy nucle...

Blast furnace gas is the byproduct of smelting steel production process, and is the important secondary energy source. It is can be used as fuel for engines to generate electricity for most middle and small steel enterprises. In order to understand the combustion mechanism and provide the basis for the design of blast furnace gas engine,premixed laminar combustion experiments of the blast furna...

We have investigated dynamic behavior of a dust flow with velocity shear in RF plasmas. In this study, neutral drag force by the neutral gas ejected from small nozzles is used for driving directional dust flows with velocity shear. The strength of the velocity shear can be controlled over a wide range by adjusting the direction of the nozzles and the flow rate of the neutral gas. The dust parti...

The global oceans are considered a major sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Rain is known to alter the physical and chemical conditions at the sea surface, and thus influence the transfer of CO2 between the ocean and atmosphere. It can influence gas exchange through enhanced gas transfer velocity, the direct export of carbon from the atmosphere to the ocean, by altering the sea skin temp...

A gas-liquid-solid inverse  uidization airlift bioreactor was proposed by combining advantages of external-loop airlift reactors and inverse  uidized beds. This airlift bioreactor comprises a gas-liquid riser, a gas separator, a liquid-solid inverse  uidized downcomer and a bottom connector. The effects of the gas velocity and the particle loading on the gas holdup in the riser and the liqui...

Molecular gas in the merging starburst galaxy NGC 3256 has been imaged with the Submillimeter Array at a resolution of 1×2 (170 × 340 pc at 35 Mpc). This is the first interferometric imaging of molecular gas in the most luminous galaxy within z=0.01. There is a large disk of molecular gas (r > 3 kpc) in the center of the merger with a strong gas concentration toward the double nucleus. The gas ...

We study the effect of the relative velocity of dark matter and baryonic fluids after the epoch of recombination on the evolution of the first bound objects in the early Universe. Recent work has shown that, although the relative motion of the two fluids is formally a secondorder effect in density, it has a dramatic impact on the formation and distribution of the first cosmic structures. Focusi...

A predictive model for droplet size and velocity distributions of a pressure swirl atomizer has been proposed based on the maximum entropy formalism (MEF). The constraint conditions of the MEF model include the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy. The effects of liquid swirling strength, Weber number, gas-to-liquid axial velocity ratio and gas-to-liquid density ratio on the droplet ...