This paper presents the results of a numerical study aimed at assessing effectiveness an innovative steel modular retrofit system on improving in-plane lateral capacity unreinforced masonry (URM) load-bearing structures. The investigated solution consists frames fastened to external surface piers through chemical anchors. Distinct element models are built and calibrated against experimental dat...

Different ancient mortar samples of Pamplona Cathedral have been analyzed to characterize their binder and aggregate fractions. A complete characterization has been carried out including chemical (complete macrochemical analysis, analysis of the soluble fraction in hot HCl (1:5) and of the insoluble residue, trace elements and soluble salts, using traditional chemical procedures, ion chromatogr...

It is widely recognized that today people around the world still admire Egyptian civilization and wonder how Egyptians came to manufacture mortar. The present work aims study construction materials were used in ancient Egypt their development over time. To do this, it was decided first evaluate physical mechanical performances of building at time then try investigate understand handling process...

Reliable design and application of textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites for the repair existing masonry concrete structures requires a fundamental understanding textile-to-mortar bond behavior as one main mechanisms controlling their nonlinear response cracking behavior. Suitable test setups analytical models are needed to extract bond-slip laws from experimental pull-out tests. This pape...

Analysis of historic mortars including Islamic, Gothic and later ones taken from palaces, convents and mansions in Palma de Mallorca has been carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterise the morphology and analytical compositi...

This paper reports an experimental programme on masonry walls composed of handmade solid clay brick and hydraulic lime mortar. Reversed cyclic shear compression tests were carried out the in three different configurations: unreinforced, repaired retrofitted, just retrofitted. Damaged retrofitted with Basalt Textile Reinforced Mortar (B-TRM) tested again to investigate recovery strength, stiffne...

Abstract We report the outcomes of a study into influence alkali concentration on expansion induced by alkali–silica reaction (ASR), deleterious that causes cracking and durability loss in concrete structures. assessed effect mortar bar using modified form AS1141.60.1, accelerated test (AMBT). Mortar prisms were prepared with reactive aggregate immersed solutions varying concentrations (from 0....

The systematic analysis of mortars from monuments or historic buildings and the simultaneous study of the construction environment show that it was common practice to use naturally occurring sand from local rivers or streams for the production of the mortars. There are cases though, mainly on islands, where sands of natural origin were limited, and marine or crushed sands were used possibly aft...