This study examined how customers’ preference and purchase intention change depending on presentation type of information. Products’ information was manipulated on scale and order dimension. Participants made a decision on three situations choosing music(mp3) download plan, cell phone data plan, drinks voucher plan for a coffee shop as well. All stimuli were appeared through the computer monito...

BACKGROUND Likert-type scales are increasingly being used among people with intellectual disability (ID). These scales offer an efficient method for capturing a wide range of variance in self-reported attitudes and behaviours. This review is an attempt to evaluate the reliability and validity of Likert-type scales in people with ID. METHODS Fifty-one studies reporting response rates, response...

Treating Likert scale data as continuous outcomes in confirmatory factor analysis violates the assumption of multivariate normality. Given certain requirements pertaining to the number of categories, skewness, size of the factor loadings, etc., it seems nevertheless possible to recover true parameter values if the data stem from a single homogenous population. It is shown in a multi-group and a...

William J. Tastle and et al. (Proc ISECON 2005, V22 (Columbus OH)) presented a new consensus measure for ranking sets of Likert scale data (ordinal data). In this paper we extend the consensus measure to the fuzzy sets. This measure called the strength of consensus is a modification of both the Shannon entropy, an equation common to the foundation of information theory, and the standard consens...

PURPOSE To estimate the just-noticeable difference (JND) in ocular comfort rating by human, contact lens-wearing subjects using 1 to 100 numerical scales. METHODS Ostensibly identical, new contact lenses were worn simultaneously in both eyes by 40 subjects who made individual comfort ratings for each eye using a 100-point numerical ratings scale (NRS). Concurrently, interocular preference was...

BACKGROUND The stress associated with residency training may place house officers at risk for poorer health. We sought to determine the level of self-reported health among resident physicians and to ascertain factors that are associated with their reported health. METHODS A questionnaire was administered to house officers in 4 residency programs at a large Midwestern medical center. Self-rate...

BACKGROUND The primary purpose was to assess if VAS or Likert was relatively more suitable when assessing self-ratings of voice and speech in patients treated for laryngeal cancer. An additional purpose was to investigate whether the scales differed in measuring change after treatment. MATERIAL/METHODS Using both VAS and Likert, 71 patients answered three questions at baseline and 12 months a...

BACKGROUND Visual analogue scales (VASs) have been shown to be valid measurement instruments and a better alternative to Likert-type scales in Internet-based research, both empirically and theoretically [1,2]. Upsides include more differentiated responses, better measurement level, and less error. Their feasibility and properties in the context of eHealth, however, have not been examined so far...

Purpose: To produce up-to-date inventories for satisfaction and Likert scales that contain commonly used scale point descriptors and their respective mean scale values and standard