A strictly stationary sequence of random variables is constructed with the following properties: (i) the random variables take the values −1 and +1 with probability 1/2 each, (ii) every five of the random variables are independent of each other, (iii) the sequence is “causal” in a certain sense, (iv) the sequence has a trivial double tail σ-field, and (v) regardless of the normalization used, t...

The constraint hypersurfaces defining the Witten and Ashtekar formulations for 2+1 gravity are very different. In particular the constraint hypersurface in the Ashtekar case is not a manifold but consists of several sectors that intersect each other in a complicated way. The issue of how to define a consistent dynamics in such a situation is then rather non-trivial. We discuss this point by wor...

vermiculture is the culture of earthworms. the goal is to continually increase the number of worms in order to obtain a sustainable harvest. the worms are either used to expand a vermicomposting operation or sold to customers who use them for the same or other purposes. vermicomposting is the process by which worms are used to convert organic materials (usually wastes) into a humus-like materia...

This study investigates the degradation of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) in aqueous solution by the Fenton-like oxidation process. The effects of different parameters such as concentrations of ferric chloride and hydrogen peroxide, pH and reaction time on the SDBS removal and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction were evaluated. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Compo...

The short in vivo half-life of GLP-1 prevents it from being used clinically. This short half-life occurs because GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidases such as DPP-IV. To overcome this obstacle, a GLP-1/Fc was constructed and evaluated to determine if it was degraded by DPP-IV and in serum. When the degradation of GLP-1/Fc by human DPP-IV and rabbit serum was compared with that of G...