BACKGROUND The purpose was to develop and test a population health measure that combines mean health outcomes and inequalities into a single GDP-like metric to help policymakers measure population health performance on both dimensions in one metric. METHODS The Population Health Performance Index is a weighted average of a mean index and an inequality index according to the user's inequality ...

In this work, we will establish some relations between variational-like inequality problems and vectorial optimization problems in Banach spaces under invexity hypotheses. This paper extends the earlier work of Ruiz-Garzón et al. [G. Ruiz-Garzón, R. OsunaGómez, A. Rufián-Lizana, Relationships between vector variational-like inequality and optimization problems, European J. Oper. Res. 157 (2004)...

Note: The authors are collaborators on a study of inequality in early childhood education and care, funded by the Russell Sage Foundation as part of its Social Inequality program. We would like to thank Eric Wanner and the Foundation for their support and would also like to thank Jay Bainbridge, Se-Ook Jeong, Katherine Magnuson, and Sakiko Tanaka for their help in preparing this review. We are ...

A long literature on between-group inequality in Social Science and Statistics has developed statistical tools (indices and tests) in order to measure the extent of inequality of opportunity or, more narrowly, gender inequality. In this paper I propose a family of new indices which measure and are sensitive to inequality between pairs of groups whenever that inequality implies disadvantage for ...

with equality if and only if the sequences ai and bi are proportional. The Aczél inequality (1) plays an important role in the theory of functional equations in non-Euclidean geometry. During the past years, many authors have given considerable attention to this inequality, its generalizations and applications [2-11]. As an example, the Hölder-like generalization of the Aczél inequality (1), de...

Following the equivalence between logarithmic Sobolev inequality, hypercontractivity of the heat semigroup showed by Gross and hypercontractivity of Hamilton–Jacobi equations, we prove, like the Varopoulos theorem, the equivalence between Euclidean-type Sobolev inequality and an ultracontractive control of the Hamilton–Jacobi equations. We obtain also ultracontractive estimations under general ...

The above norm induces a metric d where d(f, g) = ‖f − g‖p. Note that d(f, g) = 0 if and only if f = g a.e. μ, in which case we identify f with g. The Lp norm, like all worthy norms, satisfies the triangle inequality: ‖f + g‖p ≤ ‖f‖p + ‖g‖p ; this is precisely Minkowski’s inequality. For random variables X, Y defined on the same probability space and having finite p’th moments, Minkowski’s ineq...

 Most debates about the role of tariff cuts on the level of employment and rate of wages in labor market have come out of well-known Hecscher – Ohlin and Stopler – Samuelson (HOS) theorems. Considering the fact that we have divided the workforce into skilled and unskilled labors the present paper assesses the impacts of tariff cuts on labor market indicators in Iran. To address these issues...

Acknowledging that wage inequality and intergenerational mobility are strongly interrelated, this paper presents a model in which both are jointly determined. The model enables us to study how inequality and mobility are affected by exogenous changes and what determines their correlation. A main implication of the model is that differences in the amount of public subsidies to education and educ...

Differences in individual wealth holdings are widely viewed as a driving force of economic inequality. However, as this finding relies on crosssection data, we may confuse older with wealthier. We propose a new method to adjust for age effects in cross-sections, which eliminates transitory wealth inequality due to age, yet preserves inequality arising from other factors. This new method is supe...