Cichlid fish in Lake Tanganyika represent a system of adaptive radiation in which eight ancestral lineages have diversified into hundreds of species through adaptation to various niches. However, Tanganyikan cichlids have been thought to be oversaturated, that is, the species number exceeds the number of niches and ecologically equivalent and competitively even species coexist. However, recent ...

Modern social networks have become sources for vast quantities of data. Having access to such big data can be very useful for various researchers and data scientists. In this paper we describe Loklak, an open source distributed peer to peer crawler and scraper for supporting such research on platforms like Twitter, Weibo and other social networks. Social networks such as Twitter and Weibo pose ...

Beam lifetime studies for the SPEAR3 storage ring are presented. The three lifetime components are separated with lifetime measurements under various combinations of beam currents and fill patterns and vertical scraper scans. Touschek lifetime is studied with rf voltage scans and with the horizontal or vertical scrapers inserted. The measurements are explained with calculations based on the cal...

A powered roof support is an element of a longwall complex. It connected with scraper conveyor by sliding system. The carries shearer mining the coal. second function to protect excavation against uncontrolled impact rock mass. This paper focuses on analysis effectiveness support. main objective determine factors influencing failure-free operation in exploitation process. Moreover, author discu...

Based on cross-entropy theory and immunity principle, the paper evaluates health status of scraper conveying equipment. Firstly, hierarchical analysis model immune monitoring conveyor equipment are established, then integrating AHP, fuzzy statistical method entropy weight is used to calculate composite index, finally assessment results obtained. Combined with case analysis, proposed can effecti...

Trophic resource partitioning is one of the main drivers adaptive radiation. The evolutionary diversification large African barbs, genus Labeobarbus, seems to be related mouth polymorphism. chisel-mouthed or scraping phenotype has repeatedly evolved within Labeobarbus. At least five ecomorphs with a morphology were detected in waters Ethiopian Highlands and can provisionally classified into two...

Security of a key exchange protocol is formally established through an abstract game between a challenger and an adversary. In this game the adversary can get various information which are modeled by giving the adversary access to appropriate oracle queries. Empowered with all these information, the adversary will try to break the protocol. This is modeled by a test query which asks the adversa...

The function of species has been recognized as critical for the maintenance of ecosystems within desired states. However, there are still considerable gaps in our knowledge of interspecific differences in the functional roles of organisms, particularly with regard to the spatial scales over which functional impact is exerted. This has implications for the delivery of function and the maintenanc...