Translating Hindu works into the Persian language in the Indian Subcontinent has been done in various periods, particularly during the Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar period. The main question of the research is that in each period which groups of Muslims showed interest in the translation of Hindu works and what were the motivations of Jalāl al-Dīn Muhammad Akbar for creating a “school” (Maktabkha...

In the present study, employing David Saunders's standpoints on political instability and its indicators, political instability at the period of Muhammad KhwarazmShah has been surveyed, based on two basic concepts of changes and challenges. The characteristics of political instability at the period mentioned have been identified in four categories of norm change, change of chief executive offic...

Anis al-Tālebin wa ‘Oddat al-Sālekin is a book with two scripts, a detailed and a short, about states and thoughts of Khājeh Bahā al-Din Naqshband. In the detailed script, Salāh ibn Mobārak Bukhāri has been mentioned explicitly as the author, but in sources and indices this book has been ascribed to Khājeh Muhammad Pārsā and Hesām ibn Yousof Bukhāri. The ascription of this book to Hesām ibn You...

in this thesis, a new optically active poly(amide-imide) (pai) was synthesized by the indirect polycondensation reaction of the l-phenylalanine based diacid chloride and 4,4?-diaminodiphenylether in the presence of triethylamine in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. the formation of pai was confirmed by ftir, 1h nmr and elemental analysis. in next step, the surface of titanium dioxide (tio2) nanoparticles...