Merchant fees and reward programs generate an implicit monetary transfer from “cash” users to credit card users because merchants generally do not set differential prices for card users to recoup the costs of merchant fees. On average, each cash-using household transfers $50 to households that use credit cards, and each credit card using household receives a subsidy of $240 every year. Among ca...

Approximately 3.2 to 3.5 million metric tonnes of DDGS are produced annually in North America (Markham, 2000; personal communication). Ethanol plants in Minnesota, South Dakota and North Dakota produce approximately 25% of this amount (850,000 to 900,000 tonnes) annually (Markham, 2000; personal communication). Most of the ethanol plants in the Minnesota-Dakota (MNDAK) region are small, farmer ...

Based on this national study, it is estimated that 50% of horse operations with 3 or more horses have one or more lame horses annually and on a given day as many as 5% of the horses could be expected to be lame. Leg or joint problems account for half of all lameness cases in the spring and winter and foot problems account for half of all cases that occur in the summer. Laminitis, although less ...

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe adverse cutaneous drug reaction characterized by mucosal erosion and epidermal detachment [1]. It is usually distinguished from Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) by the extent of affected body surface area (BSA): SJS when less than 10% of BSA is affected, TEN when BSA affected is more than 30% and when 10 to 30% of BSA is affected as SJS-TEN overlap [1,...

background and aims: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is common in infants and young children. in infants younger than one year old it may cause bronchiolitis and pneumonia which requires hospitalization. accurate and rapid diagnosis of the disease will help proper treatment of the disease and prevents further complications. methods: specimen taken from respiratory tract of sick chil...

Rice continues to be the major staple food crop for human population. With the twin forces of population growth and economic expansion particularly in Asia, world rice requirements are expected to increase by 1.7 per cent annually between 1990 and 2025. Although seemingly small, this growth rate translates into an additional requirement of 13 million tonnes of rice per year. With less land avai...