[1] Numerous single-hole and cross-hole pneumatic injection tests have been conducted in unsaturated fractured tuff at the Apache Leap Research Site (ALRS) near Superior, Arizona. Single-hole tests have yielded values of air permeability at various locations throughout the tested rock volume on a nominal scale of 1 m. Cross-hole tests have yielded equivalent air permeabilities (and air-filled p...

Wetting of chemically heterogeneous surfaces is modeled using a phase field theory. We focus on a chemically heterogeneous surface composed of squares of one component material embedded in another. Unlike previous studies where the component materials were characterized only by an equilibrium contact angle, in this paper each of the component materials is constitutively allowed to exhibit hyste...

Cat papillary muscles were tetanized with repetitive electrical stimulation in the presence of 10 ITIM caffeine and 10 mM calcium. Velocities were measured during the plateau of tetanus with quick releases to isotonic loads. The course of isotonic shortening was independent of time in the contraction cycle for at least 2 seconds after the attainment of peak isometric force. The force-velocity r...

Turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) schemes are routinely used for turbulence parameterization in numerical weather prediction models. A key component of these is the so-called length scale. Novel scale-aware, budget-based diagnostics that account cross-scale transfer variances to evaluate performance selected scale formulations gray zone turbulence. The computed using coarse-graining method on hig...