©2015 8872147 Canada Inc. or its licensors CMAJ, November 3, 2015, 187(16) 1211 According to the 2011 United Nations World Drug Report, the prevalence of cannabis use in the Netherlands, where cannabis has been de facto legal for the last 40 years, is lower than in many other European countries, the United States and Canada.1 Jurisdictions that have recently legalized cannabis (Uruguay and four...

S u m m a r y N early 12 million unauthorized immigrants live in the United States. California is home to about 2.7 million of these immigrants, who make up almost 10 percent of the state's labor force. 1 Currently, legislators in Washington, D.C., are considering a comprehensive reform of federal immigration policies that could include the legalization of unauthorized immigrants. Many observer...

Studies have argued that the recent recreational marijuana legalization should increase accessibility and acceptability of for youth elevate use. While many empirical studies supported this argument presented in use after legalization, there has been no study examines regional disparities effect on The examination is required because different sub-culture attitudes across regions generate diffe...

In the requirement of “double carbon” goal, China has confronted lack a driving force for low-carbon transformation socioeconomic development, which requires comprehensive law and strategy support system supporting circular economy. this study, framework associated with multi-level quantitative index legislative economy (MILC) through entropy TOPSIS method was developed. It can not only reflect...

We explore how immigrant legal status affects safety net transfers using variation from the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA), which authorized the largest U.S. amnesty to date. Exploiting the timing and geographic unevenness in intensity of IRCA’s legalization programs, we estimate a sizable effect of permanent residency on Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) transfers. By contrast...

Fraud and misconduct in financial markets have recently become a key regulatory issue against the backdrop of the financial crisis. This paper investigates the sanctions policy and practices of the French financial regulator, Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF). It argues that, over time, the AMF has shifted from substantive to procedural regulation of finance. This shift consists in departin...

A major challenge in assessing the public health impact of legalizing cannabis use in Colorado and Washington State is the absence of any experience with legal cannabis markets. The Netherlands created a de facto legalized cannabis market for recreational use, but policy analysts disagree about how it has affected rates of cannabis use. Some US states have created de facto legal supply of canna...